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All Journal AHKAM : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Humaniora Journal of Islamic Law and Wisdom
Busyro
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Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Analisis Literatur Penodaan Agama dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia melalui Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah dan Kebebasan Beragama M Fikra; Busyro
Journal of Islamic Law and Wisdom Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Hukum Islam - UIN Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/jilaw.v1i1.10822

Abstract

Blasphemy remains one of the most controversial legal issues in Indonesia, particularly due to the tension between protecting the sanctity of religion and upholding the constitutional principle of freedom of religion. The central question of this study is how blasphemy is understood and regulated within the Indonesian legal system, and how the perspective of maslahah mursalah can provide a more contextual and relevant solution to this polemic. The novelty of this research lies in the application of maslahah mursalah as an analytical framework to assess blasphemy regulations, an approach rarely explored in contemporary Islamic legal literature. The methodology employed is a literature review, examining classical fiqh jinayah, maqasid al-shariah, as well as contemporary studies on freedom of religion and human rights. The findings reveal that maslahah mursalah can serve as a bridge between religious protection and respect for freedom of religion, offering a more integrative and balanced perspective. This study contributes to academic discourse by emphasizing the need for reformulation of blasphemy provisions to align with both Islamic legal principles and international human rights standards. Penodaan agama merupakan isu hukum yang kontroversial di Indonesia karena menimbulkan ketegangan antara perlindungan agama dan kebebasan beragama yang dijamin oleh konstitusi serta instrumen hak asasi manusia internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis regulasi penodaan agama dalam sistem hukum Indonesia serta mengevaluasinya berdasarkan prinsip maslahah mursalah, hukum konstitusi, dan hak asasi manusia internasional. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan model analisis integratif yang menempatkan maslahah mursalah sebagai jembatan konseptual antara maqasid al-syari’ah, hukum konstitusi, dan hukum hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif melalui kajian terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, literatur hukum Islam, dan instrumen hak asasi manusia internasional. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan kerangka maqasid al-syari’ah, khususnya ḥifẓ al-dīn, ḥifẓ al-‘aql, dan ḥifẓ al-nafs. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regulasi penodaan agama bertujuan melindungi agama dan ketertiban umum, tetapi penerapannya masih berpotensi membatasi kebebasan beragama dan berekspresi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa maslahah mursalah dapat menjadi kerangka normatif untuk mengintegrasikan perlindungan agama dan kebebasan beragama, sehingga reformulasi regulasi penodaan agama perlu didasarkan pada prinsip legalitas, proporsionalitas, non-diskriminasi, dan kemaslahatan.
Implementasi Wajib Belajar dalam Undang-Undang No 20 Tahun 2003 Ditinjau dari Fiqh Siyasah Tanfidziyah (Studi Kasus tentang Wajib Belajar di Nagari Koto Laweh Kecamatan Lembang Jaya Kabupaten Solok) Fitri Yunita; Busyro
AHKAM Vol 5 No 4 (2026): AHKAM: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v5i4.11249

Abstract

Although the government has established a compulsory education program through Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, school-age children who have dropped out of school are still found in Nagari Koto Laweh, Lembang Jaya Subdistrict, Solok Regency. This study aims to analyze the efforts of the Nagari Koto Laweh Government in implementing the nine-year compulsory education program, identify the constraints on its implementation, and examine it from the perspective of fiqh siyasah tanfidziyah. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a field research design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that the Nagari Koto Laweh Government had sought to implement the compulsory education program by providing educational facilities, distributing school supplies, collecting data on school-age children and school dropouts, raising awareness of the importance of education, and developing equivalency education programs for children unable to participate in formal education. However, the implementation of the program still faced several constraints, including limited parental attention to children’s education, family economic limitations, low learning motivation, the influence of the social environment, and early marriage. From the perspective of fiqh siyasah tanfidziyah, the implementation of the compulsory education program has reflected the government’s responsibility to fulfill the community’s right to education, but it has not been optimal because it has not fully satisfied the principles of justice, public benefit, deliberation, supervision, and balance between the rights and obligations of the government and the community. This study emphasizes the need to strengthen synergy among the nagari government, families, and the community so that the compulsory education program can be implemented more fairly, effectively, and with a greater orientation toward public benefit.
Problematika Koperasi Merah Putih di Nagari Tanjung Beringin Menurut Perspektif Fiqh Siyasah Tanfiziyah Ezima Putri; Busyro
AHKAM Vol 5 No 4 (2026): AHKAM: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v5i4.11371

Abstract

The establishment of Koperasi Merah Putih in Nagari Tanjung Beringin represents a government effort to strengthen the village-based community economy. However, its implementation continues to face various institutional, administrative, and technical constraints that affect the effectiveness of cooperative management. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of Koperasi Merah Putih in Nagari Tanjung Beringin and examine the problems that have emerged from the perspective of Fikih Siyasah Tanfiziyah. The study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Primary data were obtained through interviews with cooperative managers and members, the nagari government, religious leaders, customary leaders, and community members, whereas secondary data were derived from laws and regulations, books, journals, and supporting documents. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and were subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that Koperasi Merah Putih was established through a Special Village Deliberation as an implementation of government policy to improve community welfare. Despite receiving government support and positive responses from the community, the cooperative continued to face limitations in capital, facilities and infrastructure, human resource capacity, and administrative capabilities. From the perspective of Fikih Siyasah Tanfiziyah, the implementation of the cooperative reflected the principles of trustworthiness, deliberation, justice, and public welfare, but remained suboptimal in terms of governance and supervision. These findings confirm that the successful implementation of Koperasi Merah Putih requires institutional strengthening, enhancement of management capacity, and continuous government assistance. This study contributes to the development of Fikih Siyasah Tanfiziyah studies in the implementation of village economic policies and provides practical implications for local governments and cooperative managers in realizing professional, transparent, and sustainable governance.
Co-Authors Ezima Putri Fitri Yunita M Fikra