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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Elektro
Refdinal, Refdinal Nazir
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Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Systematic Review: Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance through Hydrophobic Surface Coatings and Heat Mitigation Pawawoi, Andi Pawawoi; Refdinal, Refdinal Nazir; Hamid, Muhammad Imran Hamid
Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jte.v16i2.19586

Abstract

Surface coatings are essential for improving the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules, particularly in challenging environments such as hot and dusty tropical regions or low-radiation subtropical areas. This study reviews recent developments in hydrophobic and heat-mitigating coatings that address two main problems: soiling and overheating. Both issues significantly reduce the efficiency and lifetime of PV systems. By systematically reviewing 32 selected studies, this paper identifies coating materials that combine self-cleaning, thermal regulation, and optical benefits. Among them, three-layer superhydrophobic coatings, silica–silane nanocomposites (e.g., SiO₂–PDMS, HDTMS–SiO₂), and Al₂O₃–H₂O nanofluids showed remarkable improvements in power output, optical transmission, and heat dissipation. For example, a three-layer superhydrophobic coating increased output power by 195.2% under simulated drizzle with heavy soiling, while SiO₂–PDMS nanocomposite films reduced surface temperature by 3.5 °C without reducing efficiency. These findings confirm that coating selection must balance hydrophobicity, heat management, durability, and cost. This review also highlights research gaps, particularly in long-term durability testing and large-scale application. The results provide practical guidelines for selecting appropriate coatings in different climates and suggest directions for developing multifunctional and scalable PV surface technologies.
Co-Authors Hamid, Muhammad Imran Hamid Pawawoi, Andi Pawawoi