Mohammad Rofiq Usman
Universitas dr Soebandi

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Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Mangosteen Leaves (Garcinia mangostana L.) as Anti-diarrhea in Mice Induced by Oleum Ricini Ahmad Khoirul Azwar; Shinta Mayasari; Mohammad Rofiq Usman
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i1.34

Abstract

Diarrhea is a condition where a person experiences defecation with a soft or liquid consistency, with more frequent frequency (generally three or more times) a day One of the plants used as treatment for diarrhea is mangosteen leaves (Garcinia mangostana L). The leaves of the mangosteen plant (Garcinia mangostan L.) contain tannin compounds which can be useful as an antidiarrheal. Tannin is a substance that is effective as an adstringents, so it is thought to be able to provide an anti-dare effect. To determine the effectiveness of ethanol extract of mangosteen leaves (Garcinia mangostana L) as antidiarrhea in male white mice (Mus musculus) induced by oleum ricini. This research uses a type of laboratory experimental study using male mice (Muss musculus L) that have been induced with oIeum ricini. There were 15 mice used and divided into 5 groups, namely: negative control group (CMC Na 0.5%), positive control group (loperamide HCl) and treatment groups with dose concentrations of 250 mg/kgBW, 450 mg/kgBW and 650 mg/ kg BW. The research results showed that mangosteen leaves contain flavonoids and tannin compounds. This study shows the antidiarrheal activity value of 3 extract dose groups. There were 4 test parameters with the greatest antidiarrheal activity results at a dose of 650 mg/kgBB. The average result of the onset of diarrhea was 62.3 minutes, then the average result of the frequency of diarrhea was 5 times, while the duration of diarrhea was 85 minutes with an average feces weight of 0.99 grams. The ethanol extract of mangosteen leaves at a dose of 650 mg/kgBW had the most effective antidiarrheal activity in male (mus musculus) mice induced by oleum ricini. Key words: anti-diarrhoea, mangosteen leaves, loperamide; oleum ricini, garcinia mangostana
COMPARISON OF SOXHLETATION AND MACERATION METHODS AGAINST LEVEL TOTAL FLAVONOID EXTRACT ETHANOL 96% LEAF CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata) Anisatul Maghfiroh Anisa; Mohammad Rofiq Usman; Dhina Ayu Susanthi
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i1.36

Abstract

Leaf ciplukan has known public Indonesia as plant drug. Leaf ciplukan (Physalis angulata) contain secondary metabolite compounds, one of which is flavonoids. Flavonoid compounds from plants are obtained from various processes, one of which is process extraction with method soxhletation And maceration. Objective: Analyzing the differences Soxhletation and maceration methods on total flavonoid content of ethanol extract of ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata). Method: The extraction process of the simple drug was carried out using the soxhlet method and maceration, follo wed by screening of flavonoid compounds against 96% ethanol extract of ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata). Quantitative tests were conducted to determine the total flavonoid content of the leaves. Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) was carried out using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method at a wavelength of wave 665 nm. Results: Phytochemical screening showed that the extracted ethanol extract use method soxhletation And maceration contain compound flavonoid proven with results screening from both of them positive. Level total flavonoid Which extracted use soxhletation method as much as 11 mgQE/g while extracted using the maceration method as much as 3 mgQE/g. Results from test statistics method T-Test known mark sig <0.05. Conclusion: Extraction with method soxhletation produce level total flavonoid Which more tall compared to the maceration method. This proves that soxhletation is a method best used to extract flavonoid compounds in ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata)
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF Jasminum sambac Ait. EXTRACT DEODORANT SPRAY PREPARATION WITH A VARIETY OF ALUM Sholihatil Hidayati; Rikzatus Zahroh; Mohammad Rofiq Usman; Dhina Ayu Susanthi; Diah Yuli Pangesti
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.94

Abstract

Heavy daily activities often trigger body odor problems, especially in the underarm area, which can reduce comfort and confidence. Body odor arises when Staphylococcus epidermidis breaks down sweat into volatile fatty acid compounds, such as isovaleric acid, which causes an unpleasant odor. This study aims to formulate and evaluate natural deodorant spray preparations containing jasmine flower extract with variations in alum concentration, as well as test the effect of alum variations on the physical quality of preparations. Jasmine flower extract is obtained by maceration method with 70% ethanol for 5 days. Four deodorant spray formulas were prepared with variations in alum concentration (0% as control, 5%, 15%, and 20%). Evaluation of the physical quality of the preparation, including pH, homogeneity, organoleptic, spray pattern, drying time, and effect on fabric, was carried out on days 0, 7, and 14. pH data, spray pattern and dry time were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and LSD. All formulas show good physical quality, the pH of the preparation meets the pH standard of a good deodorant (3.00-7.5), homogeneous, has a suitable spray pattern (diameter 5-7 cm), a quick drying time (<5 minutes), and does not damage the fabric. Organoleptically speaking, all formulas are liquid in texture and scented with menthol. However, there is a color difference as the concentration of alum increases, the controls are yellowish-orange, F1 is clear yellow, F2 and F3 are solid yellow. Statistical analysis showed that variations in alum concentration had a significant influence on the results of spray patterns (p< 0.05) and drying time (p< 0.05). The physical quality of the deodorant spray, which was tested including pH, homogeneity, organoleptic, spray pattern, drying time and effect on the fabric met the quality standards. However, differences in alum concentrations affect their spray patterns, drying time, and organoleptic, where the concentration of 5% is clear yellow, while 15 and 20% are deep yellow.