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All Journal Edunity: Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Journal of Social Science Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Journal of Management, Economic, and Financial
Suhartoyo Suhartoyo
Universitas Wisnuwardhana, Indonesia
Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Normative Juridical Analysis And Legal Sanctions For Land Ownership Rights For Catholic Church Bodies In Indonesia Suhartoyo Suhartoyo
Edunity Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Vol. 4 No. 7 (2025): Edunity: Social and Educational Studies
Publisher : PT Publikasiku Academic Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57096/edunity.v4i7.416

Abstract

Normative Legal Analysis and Legal Sanctions of Land Ownership Rights for Catholic Church Bodies in Indonesia: Case Study of the Decision of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21/Pnj/Kem-ATR/BPN/BPN/2024. This study analyzes the normative legal and legal sanctions on land ownership rights for Roman Catholic church bodies in Indonesia based on Decision Number 21/PNJ/Kem-ATR/BPN/VI/2024. This study aims to understand the rights and obligations of Roman Catholic Church bodies in owning and using land, as well as the legal implications of the decision. The results of the study show that Decision Number 21/PNJ/Kem-ATR/BPN/VI/2024 provides legal certainty for Catholic Church bodies in Indonesia to have land ownership rights. However, land ownership rights can only be granted as long as the land is used for purposes directly related to religious endeavors and in carrying out its activities is not solely for profit. This study also found that there are legal sanctions that can be applied if Catholic Church bodies in Indonesia violate or misuse land ownership rights, such as revocation of ownership rights, fines or administrative sanctions, and return of land. The implications of Decision Number 21/PNJ/Kem-ATR/BPN/VI/2024 regarding land ownership rights for Catholic Church bodies in Indonesia are to increase legal certainty, develop religious activities, improve the quality of services, and strengthen the existence of Catholic Church bodies in Indonesia as religious institutions that play a role in society.
Juridical Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 119/PUUXXIII/2025: Strengthening the Protection of Human Rights and The Environment In Indonesia Suhartoyo Suhartoyo
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 4 No 12 (2025): Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/0fnfxw29

Abstract

This study aims to conduct a normative juridical analysis of environmental criminal law in Indonesia, the protection of human rights within the Indonesian legal framework, and the implications of Constitutional Court Decision Number 119/PUU-XXIII/2025 in reinforcing human rights and environmental protection. Employing a case study approach, this research utilizes normative juridical methodology. The findings indicate that environmental criminal law in Indonesia is governed by several limitations, including regulatory deficiencies, inadequate public awareness, and insufficient law enforcement. The Constitutional Court Decision Number 119/PUU-XXIII/2025 represents a significant step towards strengthening human rights and environmental protection. John Rawls' theory of justice is applied to examine the implementation of law and bolster the protection of human rights and the environment. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of environmental criminal law and human rights protection in Indonesia, as well as provide recommendations for enhancing the implementation of environmental criminal law and human rights protection in Indonesia.
Dualism of the Pastoral and Social Existence of the Catholic Church in the Perspective of State Administrative Law: A Study of PMA Number 13 of 2025 Suhartoyo Suhartoyo
Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 3 No. 10 (2026): Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/enrichment.v3i10.583

Abstract

This study examines the dualism of the pastoral and social existence of the Catholic Church from the perspective of state administrative law, focusing on the Regulation of the Minister of Religion (PMA) Number 13 of 2025. This PMA regulates the Catholic religious legal body, distinguishing between pastoral work of an internal-spiritual nature and social work of a public-administrative nature. Normative analysis was carried out to assess the consistency of PMA with higher laws and regulations, such as the 1945 Constitution and the Government Administration Law. The results of the study show that PMA 13/2025 gives discretionary authority to the Minister of Religion and the Director General of Catholic Guidance, but it needs to be balanced with legal principles such as legality, justice, accountability, and transparency to prevent abuse of authority. This study recommends the proper implementation of these legal principles to improve the quality of government and the welfare of the community.
Appointment Of Catholic Church Bodies As Legal Entities Capable Of Owning Land Rights: Juridical Analysis Based On Hans Kelsen's Theory Of Legal Rights Suhartoyo Suhartoyo
Journal of Management Economic and Financial Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/jmef.v3i4.155

Abstract

This study analyzes the Decree of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21/PNJ/KEM-ATR/BPN/VI/2024 concerning the Appointment of Catholic Church Bodies in the Territory of Indonesia as Legal Entities that Can Have Land Ownership Rights. This study aims to determine the implementation of the granting of land ownership rights for Roman Catholic Church bodies in Indonesia based on the applicable appointment. The analysis was carried out using Hans Kelsen's legal rights theory, which emphasizes the importance of law in protecting the rights of citizens and providing legal certainty for each individual. The results of the study indicate that the decision provides legal certainty for Catholic Church bodies to have land ownership rights used for religious and worship purposes. This study also provides suggestions for developing the authority to implement the decision and creating implementation guidelines at the City and Regency Land Office levels.
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