Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.817
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All Journal Bulletin of Islamic Research
Mukhtar Imam
Almuhibbah Open University, Abuja, Nigeria
Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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BRICS Expansion and The Emergence of A New Economic World Order Mukhtar Imam
Bulletin of Islamic Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Educational Foundation for Qur'anic Exegesis and Hadith Studies (Yayasan Pendidikan Tafsir Hadis)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69526/bir.v3i3.341

Abstract

The BRICS group, composed of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, has emerged as a significant economic bloc challenging the traditional Western-dominated economic order. The expansion of BRICS aims to create a more multipolar world, offering alternative frameworks for global economic governance. This article explores the historical context, motivations, and implications of BRICS expansion and its potential to redefine the global economic landscape. The expansion of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) group marks a pivotal moment in the global economic landscape, challenging the dominance of traditional Western-led institutions. This article explores the historical development of BRICS, its recent expansion to include new members and the implications of this growth for shifting economic world order. By analyzing the motivations behind BRICS' expansion, its collective economic potential, and its geopolitical strategies, this study highlights the emerging multipolar world and its potential to redefine global governance, trade, and finance. The article underscores the strategic intent of BRICS to champion equitable development, promote South-South cooperation, and challenge dollar hegemony, thereby signaling a profound transformation in international relations.
Great Power Politics and The Fourth Industrial Revolution: The Geo-Economics of Technological Sovereignty Mukhtar Imam
Bulletin of Islamic Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Educational Foundation for Qur'anic Exegesis and Hadith Studies (Yayasan Pendidikan Tafsir Hadis)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69526/bir.v1i1.349

Abstract

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is reshaping global power dynamics through technological innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT). This paper explores the geopolitical implications of 4IR, particularly focusing on the concept of technological sovereignty and its impact on great power politics. As nations compete for technological supremacy, their strategies for achieving and maintaining control over critical technologies have become central to both national security and economic policies. This study adopts a qualitative research approach, employing case study analysis to examine the technological strategies of leading global powers, including the United States, China, and the European Union. Additionally, document analysis is used to explore policy reports and academic literature related to technological sovereignty, 4IR, and geopolitical rivalries. Thematic and comparative analyses are utilized to identify key patterns in the strategies of these powers, highlighting the intersection of technological competition, national security, and economic strategies. The findings of this research underscore the importance of technological sovereignty in the context of 4IR and provide insights into how nations navigate the complex terrain of global technological leadership.
The Threats of Ai and Disinformation in Times of Global Crises Mukhtar Imam
Bulletin of Islamic Research Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Educational Foundation for Qur'anic Exegesis and Hadith Studies (Yayasan Pendidikan Tafsir Hadis)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69526/bir.v3i4.394

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the threats posed by artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled disinformation during global crises, including pandemics, geopolitical conflicts, and climate emergencies. While prior research has examined AI’s role in enhancing information processing and communication, few studies have critically analyzed how AI tools such as deep-fakes, NLP-generated fake news, and social media bots are systematically weaponized to distort facts and manipulate public perception at scale. This research addresses that gap by offering a thematic and case-based analysis of AI-driven disinformation campaigns during crisis periods. Using a qualitative descriptive design, this study employs library research and digital observation methods to analyze a variety of sources—academic publications, digital media artifacts, and case studies—related to disinformation. Data were collected through purposive sampling of literature and observed disinformation trends on social platforms. The data were analyzed thematically to classify the types of AI-assisted disinformation and examine their social, political, and psychological impacts. The results reveal that AI technologies significantly amplify the scale, speed, and believability of disinformation. Deep-fake content was found to influence public opinion by mimicking credible figures, while NLP-generated fake news exploits confirmation bias to spread ideologically charged narratives. Meanwhile, AI bots disrupt online discourse by creating echo chambers and undermining trust in public institutions. These dynamics were particularly evident in the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and climate change denial movements. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated approach to mapping AI-powered disinformation as both a technological and socio-political phenomenon. It proposes a tripartite mitigation framework involving technological detection systems, regulatory policy interventions, and media literacy campaigns to enhance societal resilience. This research contributes to the growing discourse on information disorder by offering a critical lens on how AI can both exacerbate and help solve the global crisis of trust and truth.
The Implications of USA/Israeli War with Iran on Global Peace Joseph O. Odama; Mukhtar Imam; Francis C. Okpo
Bulletin of Islamic Research Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Educational Foundation for Qur'anic Exegesis and Hadith Studies (Yayasan Pendidikan Tafsir Hadis)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69526/bir.4i3.440

Abstract

Purpose – This study examines the structural dynamics of the military confrontation involving the United States, Israel, and Iran during *Operation Epic Fury* and evaluates its implications for the evolving international order. Drawing on hegemonic transition theory and alliance politics, the study investigates whether the conflict represents a precursor to systemic great-power war or a catalyst for the transformation from a unipolar to a multipolar global system. Design/methodology/approach – The research adopts a qualitative case study approach based on documentary analysis. It integrates theoretical perspectives from hegemonic transition theory and alliance politics to interpret geopolitical developments, alliance behavior, and strategic interactions among major powers. Policy statements, strategic documents, and contemporary geopolitical developments are analyzed to identify emerging patterns in the international system. Findings – The analysis indicates that the conflict has intensified strategic realignments rather than creating the conditions for a conventional global war. The crisis has exposed growing divergences within the transatlantic alliance, reflecting increasing strategic autonomy among several European states. At the same time, Russia and China have adopted distinct strategic responses shaped by their respective geopolitical and economic interests rather than forming a unified anti-Western bloc. The disruption of energy supply routes has further demonstrated the vulnerability of the global economy to regional conflicts, reinforcing the strategic significance of maritime chokepoints and energy security. Research implications/limitations – The study is limited to a single geopolitical case and relies on documentary evidence available during the period examined. Because international crises evolve rapidly, subsequent developments may alter strategic assessments. Future research should incorporate longitudinal analysis and comparative studies of major-power crises. Originality/value – This study contributes to contemporary international relations scholarship by integrating hegemonic transition theory with alliance politics to explain how regional conflicts can accelerate systemic transformation. It argues that the emerging international order is characterized less by renewed bipolarity than by the growing influence of multiple regional powers operating within an increasingly multipolar strategic environment.
Co-Authors Francis C. Okpo Joseph O. Odama