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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
I Made Jawi
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Jl. P.B. Sudirman, Denpasar 80232
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health

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Expression of CD8+ and Foxp3+ T Lymphocyte as Predictor for Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage III Breast Cancer I Nyoman Wawan Tirtha Yasa; I Wayan Sudarsa; I Wayan Niryana; Ni Putu Sriwidyani; I Made Jawi; I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa Manuaba; Ida Bagus Made Suryawisesa
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i3.3680

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer is usually utilized to eradicate micro-metastasis, induce apoptosis in tumor cells, and reduce the primary tumor size, enabling surgical intervention. Recent studies have shown that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), especially cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and immunosuppressive Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, influence tumor response to treatment. However, their role as predictive markers for NAC response remains unclear. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate whether high expression of CD8+ and low expression of Foxp3+ T lymphocytes are associated with better response to NAC in stage III breast cancer patients.METHODS: Total of 60 biopsy samples from stage III breast cancer patients were included, comprising 30 subjects in the response group (+) and 30 subjects in the non-response group (−). The expression levels of CD8+ and Foxp3+ T lymphocytes in tumor tissue were assessed semi-quantitatively by immunohistochemistry (IHC), using a scoring system based on the proportion and intensity of positively stained cells (Black’s grading criteria).RESULTS: Stage III breast cancer with high expression of CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly associated with a better response to NAC (p=0.004; OR=6.882). Meanwhile, low expression of Foxp3+ T lymphocytes was not significantly associated with chemotherapy response (p=0.067; OR=3.250). A higher tumor grade was also associated with an improved response to treatment. The probability of achieving a positive response to NAC in subjects presenting with high CD8+ expression, low Foxp3+ expression, and high tumor grade was estimated at 96.98%.CONCLUSION: The combination of high expression of CD8+ T lymphocyte, low expression of Foxp3+ T lymphocyte and high tumor grade might be useful to predict good response to NAC in stage III breast cancer.KEYWORDS: CD8+ T lymphocyte, Foxp3+ T lymphocyte, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, breast cancer
Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing with Next Generation Sequencing Methods in Birth Defect Pregnancy: A Pilot Study Anom Suardika; Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya Kusuma; Ni Gusti Ayu Manik Ermayanti; Endang Sri Widiyanti; I Gusti Ngurah Agung Satria Wibawa; Divika Silvana; Anak Agung Gede Raka Budayasa; Ni Nyoman Ayu Dewi; I Made Jawi; H. Sunny Sun; Yen-An Tang
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i4.3753

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Identification of cell-free foetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal blood, combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) advancement, has paved the way for non-invasive prenatal screening to detect foetal aneuploidies. However, there is limited evidence on its diagnostic accuracy when compared with gold-standard invasive tests specifically in pregnancies complicated by birth defects in Indonesia. This study was conducted to evaluate the precision of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using NGS and ultrasound findings compared with the established benchmarks of amniocentesis and neonatal karyotyping through G-banding analysis, which is an invasive procedures, in a private laboratory setting for pregnancies with birth defect.METHODS: An observational cohort study involving pregnant women with foetal birth defects in central nervous system, facial, heart, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract abnormalities and suspected Down Syndrome was conducted. The foetal birth defects were identified in the first trimester with ultrasound screening. Venous blood was drawn from the mother for NGS-based NIPT examination. As a gold standard, amniocentesis or neonatal G-banding karyotyping was conducted.RESULTS: Using G-banding karyotyping as gold standard, the results indicated that NIPT using the NGS method and ultrasound findings achieved 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 100% accuracy in detecting trisomy 13, 18, and 21, as well as foetal sex chromosome abnormalities. Additionally, a case of tetrasomy 9p was identified through G-banding karyotyping, which was associated with multiple clinical abnormalities.CONCLUSION: NIPT with NGS methods and ultrasound findings demonstrated 100% accuracy for the screening of trisomy 13, 18, and 21 in birth defect pregnancy, which is comparable with G-banding analysis as a gold standard. Therefore, this suggest that these approaches offer a safe early detection, highly accurate alternative in high risk setting, compared to invasive procedure in Indonesia where access to such testing may be limited. KEYWORDS: G-banding karyotyping, next generation sequencing, non-invasive prenatal testing
Co-Authors Anak Agung Gede Raka Budayasa Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya Kusuma Anom Suardika Divika Silvana Endang Sri Widiyanti H. Sunny Sun I Gusti Ngurah Agung Satria Wibawa I Nyoman Wawan Tirtha Yasa I Wayan Niryana I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Sudarsa Ida Bagus Made Suryawisesa Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa Manuaba Ni Gusti Ayu Manik Ermayanti Ni Nyoman Ayu Dewi Ni Putu Sriwidyani Yen-An Tang