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Laili Fajriyah
Undergraduate Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Technology, Science and Health, Dr. Soepraoen Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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The Effect of Health Promotion of Common Cold Massage Skills on The Duration of Healing of ARI (Common Cold) in Toddlers Laili Fajriyah; Reny Retnaningsih
Health and Technology Journal (HTechJ) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : KHD Production

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53713/htechj.v4i1.572

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), particularly the common cold, account for 30–40% of toddler consultations in primary care settings in Indonesia. Nonpharmacological complementary therapies are urgently needed to reduce disease burden and antibiotic misuse. To evaluate the impact of a 2-day parent-administered "common-cold massage" program on illness duration among toddlers with mild ARI. A quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test/post-test study was conducted at PMB Nurul Asyaroti, Malang, Indonesia. Following ethical approval and parental consent, 16 toddlers (12–59 months) meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Parents received a 30-minute health promotion session and an illustrated leaflet and then applied the 10-step massage twice daily for two consecutive days. Illness duration (in hours from baseline to the first 24-hour period free of nasal congestion/rhinorrhea) was documented by parents and verified by a blinded assessor on day 3. Data were analyzed with a paired t-test; effect size (Cohen's d) and 95% CI are reported. Mean illness-duration decreased from 4.6 days (SD 0.89) pre-intervention to 2.9 days (SD 0.62) post-intervention (mean reduction 1.7 days; 95 % CI 1.2–2.1; p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 2.1, indicating a huge effect). No adverse events were reported. Teaching parents a short, standardized massage significantly shortened the duration of common colds in toddlers. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to confirm the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the intervention before scaling it across Indonesian community health centers.
The Effect of Health Promotion of Common Cold Massage Skills on The Duration of Healing of ARI (Common Cold) in Toddlers Laili Fajriyah; Reny Retnaningsih
Health and Technology Journal (HTechJ) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : KHD Production

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53713/htechj.v4i1.572

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), particularly the common cold, account for 30–40% of toddler consultations in primary care settings in Indonesia. Nonpharmacological complementary therapies are urgently needed to reduce disease burden and antibiotic misuse. To evaluate the impact of a 2-day parent-administered "common-cold massage" program on illness duration among toddlers with mild ARI. A quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test/post-test study was conducted at PMB Nurul Asyaroti, Malang, Indonesia. Following ethical approval and parental consent, 16 toddlers (12–59 months) meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Parents received a 30-minute health promotion session and an illustrated leaflet and then applied the 10-step massage twice daily for two consecutive days. Illness duration (in hours from baseline to the first 24-hour period free of nasal congestion/rhinorrhea) was documented by parents and verified by a blinded assessor on day 3. Data were analyzed with a paired t-test; effect size (Cohen's d) and 95% CI are reported. Mean illness-duration decreased from 4.6 days (SD 0.89) pre-intervention to 2.9 days (SD 0.62) post-intervention (mean reduction 1.7 days; 95 % CI 1.2–2.1; p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 2.1, indicating a huge effect). No adverse events were reported. Teaching parents a short, standardized massage significantly shortened the duration of common colds in toddlers. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to confirm the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the intervention before scaling it across Indonesian community health centers.
Co-Authors Reny Retnaningsih Reny Retnaningsih