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Aga Nugraha
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Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Pati Jagung Berpengisi Nanocrystal Cellulose (NCC) dari Ampas Tebu Aga Nugraha; Muliani Syahputri; Ghendis Ekawati Ayu
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v5i2.3009

Abstract

Permasalahan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan oleh akumulasi limbah plastik konvensional telah mendorong pengembangan bioplastik berbasis bahan alami yang ramah lingkungan dan biodegradable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bioplastik berbasis pati jagung dengan penambahan nanokristalin selulosa (NCC) hasil isolasi dari limbah ampas tebu sebagai agen penguat, gliserol sebagai plastisiser, serta minyak sereh sebagai agen antimikroba alami. Isolasi NCC dilakukan melalui tahap delignifikasi dan pemutihan menggunakan gelombang mikro, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan hidrolisis asam sulfat. Karakterisasi NCC dan biokomposit meliputi analisis FTIR, difraksi, analisis termal TGA-DSC. Bioplastik diformulasikan dengan konsentrasi NCC 6% b/b (terhadap massa pati) dan variasi konsentrasi minyak sereh (6%, 12%, 18%, dan 24% v/v), lalu diuji sifat termalnya. Hasil analisis termogravimetri (TGA) dan Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan NCC mampu meningkatkan stabilitas termal serta menurunkan kehilangan massa pada bioplastik. Spektrum FTIR mengindikasikan bahwa struktur dasar selulosa tetap terjaga, dengan penghilangan sebagian besar gugus fungsi lignin akibat perlakuan kimia dan gelombang mikro. Penambahan minyak sereh memberikan potensi aktivitas antimikroba tanpa menyebabkan perubahan signifikan terhadap karakteristik termal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa limbah ampas tebu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber NCC yang berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan karakteristik bioplastik pada aplikasi kemasan ramah lingkungan.
The Effect of Raw Material Mixture Composition and Adhesive Concentration on Candlenut Shell (Aleurites molucanna) and Empty Palm Fruit Bunches (Elaeis guineensis jack) Biobriquette Quality Adrianto Prihartantyo; Yulisa Lestari; Aga Nugraha; Labora Roma
Jurnal Kartika Kimia Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Kartika Kimia
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jkk.v9i1.968

Abstract

Biobriquettes serve as a renewable energy alternative with the potential to replace conventional charcoal while producing lower emissions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of varying the ratio of raw material mixtures and the concentration of binder made from cassava starch on the quality of biobriquettes produced from candlenut shells (Aleurites moluccana) and empty palm oil fruit bunches (Elaeis guineensis jack). The selection of these raw materials was based on their abundant availability in Indonesia and their high lignocellulosic content. The biobriquettes were produced through a carbonization process, in which the candlenut shells were heated at 350°C for 30 minutes, while the palm oil empty fruit bunches were carbonized at 300°C for the same duration. The study applied variations in the composition ratios of candlenut shells to empty fruit bunches (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100), as well as binder concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% (w/w) using cassava starch. The resulting biobriquettes were tested according to the Indonesian National Standard SNI 01-6235-2000 through proximate and physical analyses. The findings indicated that the variation.
Co-Authors ADRIANTO PRIHARTANTYO Ghendis Ekawati Ayu Labora Roma Muliani Syahputri Yulisa Lestari