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All Journal International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research
Andy Nugraha
Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, 70714, Indonesia.
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics Transportation

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The Effect of Variations In The Composition And Type of Adhesive For Mixed Peat And Gelam Wood Briquettes on The Physical Characteristics of The Briquettes Andy Nugraha; Muhammad Zaini Arief; Randica Erwin M. Tampubolon; Faisal Putra Rahmadani
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v10i4

Abstract

South Kalimantan has quite extensive peatlands, spread across various regions such as Barito Kuala, Banjar, Tapin, and Hulu Sungai Regencies. In these peatlands, gelam trees are often found growing rapidly and possessing various benefits, both for industrial and environmental purposes. With wise management, peat can be used as an environmentally friendly raw material for briquettes, while gelam wood can be utilized to improve the quality of the briquettes. In this study, mixed peat and gelam wood briquettes were made with various compositions (100%:0%, 80%:20%, 60%:40%, 50%:50%, 40%:60%, 20%:80%, and 0%:100%) and types of adhesives (palm sugar and damar resin). To determine the performance of the briquettes, physical characteristics were tested in the form of water content, ash content, volatile matter content, calorific value, and fixed carbon. Test results show that gelam increases the calorific value and volatile matter content but reduces the fixed carbon content, while peat increases the fixed carbon content but lowers the calorific value. Damar adhesive is superior in increasing calorific value and reducing ash content compared to palm sugar. The best briquette combination is ≥60% gelam with damar adhesive for fast, high-energy combustion. For slow, stable combustion, a dominant peat composition with damar adhesive is more suitable.
Characterization of Gelam Wood Pellets: Effects of Compaction Pressure and Binder Type Andy Nugraha; Aqli Mursadin; Apip Amrullah; Herry Irawansyah; Randica Erwin M. Tampubolon; Azie Aprianto
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

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Abstract

Wood pellets represent a mechanical densification technology that enhances biomass density for more efficient utilization. In this study, Gelam wood was used as the raw material, with variations in binder type (palm sugar and molasses) and compaction pressure (40, 60, and 80 kg/cm²). An experimental approach was employed to directly evaluate the physical and combustion characteristics of the produced pellets. The results indicate that pellets without binder (C3) exhibit superior physical properties, particularly lower moisture and ash content. In contrast, pellets with binders—molasses (C1) and palm sugar (C2)—demonstrate higher calorific values that meet standard requirements. The increased volatile matter observed in C3 suggests a faster ignition and more reactive combustion behavior. Furthermore, combustion characteristics reveal that ignition time, ignition point, and combustion temperature increase proportionally with higher compaction pressure, while the combustion rate shows an inverse trend. Among the tested binders, molasses provides the most favorable combustion performance. Overall, pellets with higher density tend to produce shorter but more stable flames, indicating improved combustion stability. These findings highlight the significant role of compaction pressure and binder type in optimizing the quality and performance of Gelam wood pellets for energy applications.
Co-Authors Apip Amrullah Aqli Mursadin Arief, Muhammad Zaini Azie Aprianto Faisal Putra Rahmadani Herry Irawansyah Randica Erwin M. Tampubolon