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All Journal ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin dan Manufaktur
Banjarnahor, Anugerah
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF LOAD VARIATIONS ON THE THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF THE MUARA KARANG PLTG GAS TURBINE Banjarnahor, Anugerah; Hendri; Muhammad Ridwan
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i1.10393

Abstract

Gas turbines are one type of power plant with high flexibility, but their performance is greatly affected by variations in operating load. This study aims to analyse the effect of load variations on the thermal efficiency of Gas Turbine Unit 1.2 at the Muara Karang Gas Power Plant under three load conditions, namely 70 MW, 80 MW, and 90 MW. Actual operational data was used to calculate component work (compressor, combustion chamber, and turbine) and cycle thermal efficiency using thermodynamic calculation methods based on the Brayton Cycle. The calculation results were validated using Cycle Tempo and EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software with an average deviation of <5%. The results show that thermal efficiency increases as the operating load increases. At a load of 70 MW, the thermal efficiency was recorded at 30.30%, increasing to 30.76% at a load of 80 MW, and reaching a peak of 31.72% at a load of 90 MW. These findings prove that gas turbines operate most efficiently at loads close to their maximum capacity, so that operating at optimal loads can reduce specific fuel consumption and improve the energy efficiency of the plant.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF BEFORE AND AFTER OVERHAUL ON THE THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF THE MUARA KARANG PLTG GAS TURBINE USING A SANKEY DIAGRAM Banjarnahor, Anugerah; Ridwan , Muhammad; Hendri
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i1.10394

Abstract

Gas turbine performance gradually degrades due to fouling, thermal stress, and component wear, leading to a reduction in thermal efficiency. Major overhaul is essential to restore performance close to design conditions. This study analyzes the impact of major overhaul on the thermal efficiency of Gas Turbine Unit 1.2 at Muara Karang Power Plant, focusing on maximum load operation at 90 MW. Actual operational data were processed using Brayton cycle thermodynamic principles to calculate net work output, fuel energy input, and overall thermal efficiency. Calculations were validated with Cycle Tempo and Engineering Equation Solver (EES), showing a deviation within 5%. Energy distribution and losses were visualized using Sankey diagrams to compare before and after overhaul conditions. Results indicate that thermal efficiency increased from 31.91% to 32.41% after overhaul, corresponding to a reduction in heat loss of approximately 2,950 kJ/s. The improvements were mainly associated with compressor recovery and reduced irreversibility in the combustor. These findings demonstrate that major overhaul is an effective maintenance strategy to improve thermal performance, while Sankey diagrams provide valuable insights into component-level energy losses for operational and maintenance decision-making.
Co-Authors ENDRI ENDRI Muhammad Ridwan Ridwan , Muhammad