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Phygital in games: a systematic review of trends, characteristics, the user experience, technologies, and tools Osman, Nurasilah; Akma Ahmad Zaki, Nadia; Siti Meriam Tengku Wook, Tengku; Hayati Mohamad Yatim, Maizatul; Masharah Husain, Nor; Jamil, Norly
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i1.35062

Abstract

In the 21st century, the evolution of phygital technology has transformed various sectors, including retail, marketing, heritage, education, edutainment, and gaming. However, phygital interfaces are dynamic, continuously evolving alongside technological advancements and user expectations. This study aims to identify trends, characteristics, user experiences, and the tools or technologies used in phygital gaming. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) framework, analyzing 26 publications from Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and IEEE Xplore. The findings revealed seven key characteristics of phygital interfaces and six positive impacts on user experience. Additionally, various phygital technologies and tools were identified as essential in the education, edutainment, and entertainment contexts of gaming. These technologies enhance engagement, interactivity, and immersion by seamlessly integrating physical and digital elements. Therefore, this study contributes to improving user experiences and expanding knowledge in the context of phygital interfaces. Future research should explore potential challenges in adopting phygital technologies, particularly from educators’ perspectives, to uncover new insights into their implementation and effectiveness.
Preschool educators’ pre-numerical skill pedagogical challenges Idris, Julianty; Jamil, Norly; Narayanasamy, Arulmozhi
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 2: May 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i2.23238

Abstract

The current study seeks to determine the challenges encountered by preschool educators’ pre-numerical skill pedagogical challenges. A qualitative approach, namely interviews, was employed and conducted among six experienced preschool teachers to acquire in-depth insights into the challenges encountered in inculcating pre-numerical skills. The six respondents were recruited via purposive sampling, namely maximum variation sampling, to fulfil specific criteria. Four primary themes were revealed, namely i) Theme 1: teachers lack specific guidance due to the highly general Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan (KSPK); ii) Theme 2: students from low socioeconomic backgrounds exhibit deficiencies in pre-numerical knowledge; iii) Theme 3: teachers demonstrate an insufficient competence in pre-numerical teaching pedagogies; and iv) Theme 4: an inadequate awareness among teachers regarding the importance of pre-numerical skills exists. The implications highlighted the requirement for tailored support and training to improve preschool teachers’ pre-numerical skill pedagogies. The findings also contributed to the curricular improvement to assist preschool educators in providing more effective pedagogical practices, especially pre-numerical skills. Future scholars can conduct a more in-depth investigation of effective teaching strategies and interventions to aid students from low socioeconomic backgrounds in mastering pre-numerical competencies.