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All Journal de Fermat : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika (JIML) JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE MATHEMATICS LEARNING
Herianto, Ramadhan
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Education Mathematics Other

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Analysis of Difficulties in Understanding Calculus Concepts: A Case of Teachers and Students Harahap, Minarni Ikhrimah; Herianto, Ramadhan; Siregar, Rama Nida
(JIML) JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE MATHEMATICS LEARNING Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): VOLUME 8 NUMBER 4, DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : IKIP Siliwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22460/jiml.v8i4.30749

Abstract

Calculus is a fundamental component of secondary mathematics education; however, students’ conceptual understanding remains limited, particularly in abstract topics such as derivatives and integrals. These challenges are further exacerbated by low engagement and ineffective instructional practices. This study aims to analyze students’ difficulties in learning calculus, identify factors influencing their learning interest, and examine teachers’ instructional challenges. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving 12 participants, consisting of 10 Grade XII students and 2 mathematics teachers at MAN 2 Padangsidimpuan. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and documentation of students’ written work. The researcher acted as the primary instrument, supported by interview guidelines and documentation sheets. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. To ensure trustworthiness, source and technique triangulation were applied. The findings indicate that students exhibit a moderate level of learning interest (≈54.6%), yet experience significant difficulties in conceptual understanding and mathematical communication, particularly in trigonometric derivatives and integrals. These difficulties are primarily associated with weak prerequisite knowledge, reliance on procedural memorization, and limited use of visual learning media. Additionally, teacher-centered instruction and anxiety-inducing assessment practices contribute to low student engagement. In conclusion, calculus learning difficulties are multidimensional, involving cognitive, affective, and instructional factors. Therefore, a holistic instructional approach integrating conceptual understanding, interactive media, and student-centered strategies is essential to improve learning outcomes.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA Herianto, Ramadhan; Mangaraja, Andi; Nasution, Mariam
De Fermat : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Balikpapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36277/defermat.v9i1.2540

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of PhET-based interactive learning media on students’ motivation in learning mathematics within the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population consisted of all eighth-grade students of MTsN 1 Padangsidimpuan, totaling 144 students. The sample comprised 72 students selected through cluster random sampling, with 36 students assigned to the experimental group and 36 students to the control group. The research instruments included a learning motivation questionnaire, a mathematics achievement test, and an observation sheet for students’ learning activities. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and an Independent Samples t-test. The results revealed that the average learning motivation score of students in the experimental group increased from 68 to 85, while that of the control group increased from 67 to 72. The t-test results showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of PhET-based interactive learning media on students’ motivation in learning mathematics. Furthermore, the effect size value of 0.85 indicated a large effect. Therefore, PhET-based interactive learning media can be considered an effective tool for enhancing students’ motivation in learning mathematics within the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.
Co-Authors Harahap, Minarni Ikhrimah Mangaraja, Andi Nasution, Mariam Siregar, Rama Nida