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All Journal Aviation Electronics, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Electricals, Controls (AVITEC)
Djaka, Muhammad Rendra Perdana Kusuma
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Aerospace Engineering Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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Detection of Low Radar Cross Section (RCS) Targets in Sea Clutter Environments using Pulse-Doppler Radar Simulation Djaka, Muhammad Rendra Perdana Kusuma; Mahanani, Edo Lutfi; Al Rasyid, Muhammad Dhafin Sulaiman; Usman, Uke Kurniawan
Aviation Electronics, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Electricals, and Controls (AVITEC) Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/avitec.v8i1.3737

Abstract

This paper reports a simulation-based investigation of low-radar-cross-section (low-RCS) maritime target detection using a pulse–Doppler radar operating in K-distributed sea clutter environments. The results indicate that heavy-tailed clutter statistics significantly deteriorate the performance of conventional cell-averaging CFAR (CA-CFAR), particularly under low signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) and nonhomogeneous clutter conditions. Range–Doppler analysis confirms that coherent Doppler integration and MTI filtering increase target-to-clutter contrast; however, substantial residual clutter persists in rough sea states. A comparative evaluation demonstrates that ordered-statistics CFAR (OS-CFAR) consistently provides superior performance, achieving higher detection probability, enhanced robustness to clutter transitions, stable false alarm regulation, and improved threshold stability. At a detection probability of 0.8, OS-CFAR attains an SCR advantage of approximately 2–3 dB over CA-CFAR under severe clutter conditions. The results further reveal the influence of Doppler ambiguity and blind speed effects, highlighting the necessity of jointly considering detection algorithms and waveform design to achieve reliable maritime radar operation.
Co-Authors Al Rasyid, Muhammad Dhafin Sulaiman Mahanani, Edo Lutfi Uke Kurniawan Usman