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All Journal Inersia : Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Jurnal Perspektif
Aughitri, Fayza
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Arts Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Other

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Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Opening Shape and Spacing on the Damping Ratio of Castellated Beams Aughitri, Fayza; Nugroho, Guntur
Jurnal Perspektif Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Perspektif
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jp.v10i1.395

Abstract

Castellated beams are widely applied in modern steel structures due to their lightweight characteristics and high stiffness. While most previous studies have focused on natural frequency and stiffness behavior, limited attention has been given to the damping performance of castellated beams with different web-opening geometries. This study investigates the effect of opening shape and spacing on the damping ratio (ζ) of IWF steel castellated beams using finite element simulations in Abaqus. The damping ratio was derived from the free-vibration decay curve using the logarithmic decrement method, which allows the damping value to be determined accurately from the curve data. This method is particularly suitable for steel structures, as steel typically has low damping. Results indicate that the solid beam exhibits a baseline damping ratio of 3.3%, while circular openings maintain relatively stable damping values between 2.9–3.1%. In contrast, square openings reduce ζ more significantly, reaching values as low as 2.6%. This study suggests adopting circular web openings in castellated steel beams, as this configuration demonstrates superior structural performance and yields response values closer to those of solid steel than square openings. These findings highlight that opening geometry and spacing significantly affect the dissipation of vibration energy in castellated beams. The outcomes provide useful insights for designing vibration-sensitive steel structures, particularly for long-span applications.
Effects of Square Body Openings in Castellated Steel Beams on Stiffness and Natural Frequencies Nugroho, Guntur; Aughitri, Fayza
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.87871

Abstract

Castella beams are one of the steel structural innovations that have the advantage of reducing weight without sacrificing bending stiffness, so they are widely used in long-span structures. This study aims to analyze how square-shaped openings affect the natural frequency of castellated beams, considering different numbers of openings and various support conditions. The research was conducted numerically using Abaqus CAE software and theoretically using Stokey's theory. Five models were tested with the number of openings between 9 and 19 and three different support conditions: fixed-fixed, fixed-pinned, and pinned-pinned. Results show that increasing the number of openings significantly decreases the mass and stiffness of the beam, which impacts the natural frequency values of the structure. The analysis results using Stokey's theory yield natural frequency values that tend to be higher than the numerical analysis because it does not consider the local weakening effect due to the openings. The difference between the results of the two approaches reaches 7-904 Hz, depending on the configuration and vibration mode analyzed. The difference is more striking at higher vibration modes because the concentration of local deformation is more dominant. Modifying Stokey's formula by adding an inertial correction coefficient proved to predict the downward trend of the natural frequency more accurately. The results show that the natural frequency values at low vibration modes are in high agreement. Therefore, it is recommended to use this approach, especially in low-vibration mode analysis.
Co-Authors Nugroho, Guntur