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All Journal CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development
Anum, Iorwuese
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Engineering Social Sciences

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Compressive Strength Characteristics of Concrete Modified With Treated High-Density Polyethylene Anum, Iorwuese; Job, Olorunmeye Fredrick
CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development Vol. 4, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Waste plastic materials are typical wastes of interest to researchers and are arguably the most common forms of waste, especially in African cities. The reuse of plastic waste in concrete matrices has the potentials to contribute to the development of sustainable concrete likely to conserve resources and prevent pollution. However, the inclusion of plastics in concrete has been reported to have a negative impact on its compressive strength behaviour. This research is aimed at ameliorating this negative impact through pulverisation and chemical treatment of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) before its use as an admixture for concrete production. Concretes of Grades M25 and M50 were prepared using (150 x150 x 150) mm steel moulds, adopting the BRE mix design method. The concrete mix was modified with pulverised High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) treated with 20% hydrogen peroxide at (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%) by weight of cement. Hydroplast-500, a superplasticizer was used throughout the study in order of 1000litres/50kg by weight of cement. A constant water/cement ratio of 0.4 and 0.36 was adopted for requisite workability for Grades M25 and M50 concretes respectively. After 7, 28, and 90 days of curing in water, the concrete cubes were dried and tested for their compressive strengths. Results obtained showed that at HDPE content beyond 0.5%, restrained hydration takes negative effects on the concrete. It was also shown that the designed compressive strengths of the tested samples were satisfactorily met in all cases indicating improvement in the compressive behaviour of the samples. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that treated pulverised HDPE could be used as an admixture in concretes without compromising their compressive strengths.
Effects of Calcination Conditions of Locust Bean Pod on The Mechanical Properties of Locust Bean Pod Ash High-Strength Concrete Anum, Iorwuese; Abdullahi, Umar; Johari, Megat Azmi Megat; Isa, Felix Nkapheeyan
CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development Vol. 8, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Locust Bean Pod Ash (LBPA) is produced from the calcination of Locust Bean Pod (LBP), an agricultural waste of the African locust bean tree (Parkia biglobosa). This study evaluated the use of LBPA obtained through controlled calcination and open burning as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in high-strength concrete (HSC). Cement was replaced by LBPA at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight using both ashes—LC for ash produced through calcination at 600 °C, and LO for ash obtained through open burning. Slump and strength were assessed, including compressive strength (100 × 100 × 100 mm cubes) and splitting tensile strength (100 × 200 mm cylinders) up to 90 days. The results showed that LC contained 42.81% and LO contained 10.69% combined SiO₂, Al₂O₃, and Fe₂O₃. The 5% replacement level produced the best performance for both LBPA types. At 90 days, LC and LO improved compressive strength by 14.48% (68.8 N/mm²) and 10.48% (66.4 N/mm²), respectively, compared to the control (60.1 N/mm²). Similarly, the tensile strengths of LC05 and LO05 were 6.74% (4.75 N/mm²) and 4.94% (4.67 N/mm²) higher than the control (4.45 N/mm²). The study concludes that both ashes can be used as SCMs in HSC, with 5% and 10% recommended as optimum replacement levels for calcined and openly burnt LBP, respectively.
Co-Authors Abdullahi, Umar Isa, Felix Nkapheeyan Job, Olorunmeye Fredrick Johari, Megat Azmi Megat