Alex Oktobertus Pandapotan Gultom
Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia

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Tax Amnesty and the Evidentiary Standards of Ownership Transfer in Indonesian Corporate Tax Litigation Nafis Dwi Kartiko; Alex Oktobertus Pandapotan Gultom
Siyasah Dusturiyah: State Law Review Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): Siyasah Dusturiyah: State Law Review
Publisher : Yayasan Cahaya Generasi Positif

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of tax amnesty in determining the standard of proof for asset ownership-transfer in corporate tax disputes in Indonesia, and analyze the implications of the tax amnesty policy on the implementation of state authority in the fiscal sector based on the principles of Indonesian constitutional law. Using a legal-normative method with a conceptual, statutory, and case study approach, it examines Tax Court Decision Number PUT-010465.12/2024/PP/M.XXA/2025. The results of the study show that tax amnesty not only functions as an administrative mechanism, but also as a declarative evidence tool that influences judicial assessments of share ownership transfers that are not fully reflected in formal documents. The court ruling confirms that although the Tax Amnesty Certificate does not have constitutive force, the document can be used to prove the economic substance of the transaction and the taxpayer's good faith in the asset ownership process. This study contributes to the expansion of understanding regarding the standard of proof in corporate tax litigation by positioning tax amnesty as a legal instrument that balances formal validity and material truth.
Evaluating the Arm’s Length Principle in Fiscal Corrections for Intragroup Services: Evidence from the Federal Karyatama-EMAPPL Case Nafis Dwi Kartiko; Alex Oktobertus Pandapotan Gultom
Siyasah Dusturiyah: State Law Review Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Siyasah Dusturiyah: State Law Review
Publisher : Yayasan Cahaya Generasi Positif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/g7tfe317

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the compatibility between Indonesian domestic norms and the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines in the application of the arm's length principle (ALP) on the verification of cross-jurisdictional management service costs. The analysis is based on Tax Court Decision Number PUT-007752.15/2023/PP/M.XIII.B. This study employs a normative-dogmatic legal method to examine the consistency between Indonesian domestic norms and the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines in applying the arm’s length principle to cross-jurisdictional management service costs. The analysis integrates statutory, case, and conceptual approaches to ensure systematic coherence between positive law, jurisprudence, and international tax doctrine. Primary legal materials such as tax laws and court decisions provide binding authority, while secondary academic sources offer analytical depth to contextualize Indonesia’s doctrinal alignment within global transfer pricing standards. This study concludes that applying the arm’s length principle (ALP) to cross-jurisdictional management service costs requires balancing legal certainty with economic substance. The PT Federal Karyatama–ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. case reveals doctrinal tension between the OECD’s soft law flexibility and Indonesia’s hard law rigidity under PMK 172/2023. The findings indicate a selective convergence model, where Indonesia adopts OECD principles but enforces stricter evidentiary standards, resulting in a conservative, rule-based approach prone to interpretative disputes. This study contributes theoretically to the strengthening of the ALP and practically to the optimization of Advance Pricing Agreements and Mutual Agreement Procedures.