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All Journal Journal of Management - Small and Medium Enterprises (SME's) Journal of Maritime Policy Science
Ahmed, Issa G
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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COOPERATION AMONG COOPERATIVES AS AN INTER-COOPERATIVE LEARNING CAPABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM CROSS-CASE SYNTHESIS Ahmed, Issa G; Laizer, Hussein H; Gwao, Emmanuel A
Journal of Management Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Vol 19 No 1 (2026): JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT Small and Medium Enterprises (SME's)
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jom.v19i1.27211

Abstract

This article reframes Principle 6 as an inter-cooperative learning capability and synthesizes how cooperation architectures convert solidarity into measurable economic and social value. Using secondary data, the study integrates a structured review of cooperative identity and policy guidance with cross-case synthesis of six widely documented cooperation models; evidence was triangulated from ICA, ILO, UN, the World Cooperative Monitor 2025, and publicly available organizational reports. Five recurring learning pathways emerge: purchasing and shared services; benchmarking and peer advisory systems; federation-enabled standard setting; joint ventures and platform cooperation; and capability building through training and mentorship. Pathways perform best when governance preserves member autonomy, uses transparent redistribution, and institutionalizes learning roles. Cooperation among cooperatives operates as a learn-and-scale system that strengthens governance, innovation, resilience, and SDG delivery. Limitation: reliance on secondary, publicly available evidence. Subsequent research should test the Inter-Cooperative Learning Capability framework with primary and longitudinal data. Keywords: Capability Building; Cooperative Networks; Inter-Cooperation; Organizational Learning; Resilience
Financing the Missing Middle: A Systematic Review of Constraints and Solutions for SMES in Tanzania’s Blue Economy Ahmed, Issa G; Cham, Mbara; Faki, Bakari K.; Hamad, Mohamed Abasi
Journal of Maritime Policy Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April, 2026
Publisher : Center for Maritime Policy and Governance Studies. Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/jmps.v3i1.8220

Abstract

The strategic development of the Blue Economy (BE) is central to Tanzania’s national and regional aspirations for inclusive growth and poverty reduction, with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constituting its operational backbone. However, the transformative potential of BE sectors fisheries, aquaculture, coastal tourism, and maritime services is critically constrained by a persistent financing gap. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence to diagnose the binding financial constraints faced by BE-SMEs in Tanzania and to evaluate viable pathways for intervention. Employing a structured methodology, the review critically analyzes peer-reviewed literature, policy documents, and institutional reports from 2006 to 2025. The synthesis identifies a consistent quartet of barriers: stringent collateral requirements underpinned by information asymmetry, elevated lender risk perceptions due to sectoral volatility and climate exposure, pervasive deficiencies in SME financial records and business planning, and cumbersome loan application procedures. Concurrently, the analysis surfaces converging opportunity domains, including the adaptation of group-based and credit-guarantee mechanisms, the deployment of digital and alternative data for risk assessment, and the design of financial products tailored to seasonal cash flows. The review concludes that bridging the finance chasm requires a systemic shift towards blended financial instruments, policy-driven credit infrastructure improvements, and lender innovations in underwriting technology. By aligning financial systems with the distinct realities of BE-SMEs, Tanzania can unlock sustainable, equitable growth within its ocean-based economy.
Co-Authors Cham, Mbara Faki, Bakari K. Gwao, Emmanuel A Hamad, Mohamed Abasi Laizer, Hussein H