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All Journal Journal of Innovation in Applied Natural Science
Faizin, Indra Muhammad
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

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Application of the Semi-Batch Method in Biodiesel Processing Using Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) with Variations in Feed Addition and Temperature Faizin, Indra Muhammad; Bimantio, Mohammad Prasanto; Widyowanti, Reni Astuti
Journal of Innovation in Applied Natural Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Innovation in Applied Natural Science
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jinas.v2i1.154

Abstract

Background: Biodiesel production efficiency is strongly influenced by reaction method, temperature, and reactant feeding strategy. Semi-batch transesterification offers better molar ratio control and reduced methanol waste compared to conventional batch systems. Aims: This study analyzes the effect of feed addition frequency and reaction temperature on biodiesel efficiency and characteristics using Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) as raw material. Methods: A Complete Block Design with two factors was applied: feed addition frequency (4×, 5×, 6× per period) and reaction temperature (40°C, 50°C, 60°C) with two replications. Biodiesel was produced using semi-batch transesterification with sodium methylate catalyst. Parameters measured included yield, density, pH, water content, glyceride profile, and methyl ester content. Data were analyzed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (5%). Result: The best treatment was 5× feed addition, 50°C, producing the highest methyl ester content (67.18%), yield (92.98%), density (877 kg/m³), pH 6.78, and low water content (1,401 ppm). Most quality parameters approached SNI 7182:2015 biodiesel standards. Conclusion: Semi-batch operation improves conversion control but is not yet fully optimal due to reverse reactions. Further optimization of methanol ratio and reaction time is required to suppress monoglyceride and diglyceride reformation.
Co-Authors Bimantio, Mohammad Prasanto Widyowanti, Reni Astuti