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All Journal Pharmaceutical And Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)
Nelly Suryani
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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The Effect of Gelatin and Propylene Glycol on the Penetration Rate of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb Leaf Extract Geleaf Extract Gel Sabrina Dahlizar; Yuni Anggraeni; Atina Munfarikhatin; Nelly Suryani; Ofa Suzanti Betha; Zilhadia; Sofa Fajriah; Abdi Wira Septama; Maulina Handayani; Herdini
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/w7prk175

Abstract

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a plant known for its potential in scar treatment due to the presence of asiaticoside, a compound capable of promoting skin cell tissue repair. However, the large molecular size of asiaticoside hinders its penetration through the skin. This study aims to evaluate the effect of gelatin and propylene glycol on the transdermal penetration of asiaticoside from a gel formulation containing Centella asiatica leaf extract. Four different formulations were tested: a control (F1, without gelatin or propylene glycol); one with 15% propylene glycol (F2); one with 4% gelatin (F3); and one with 4% gelatin and 15% propylene glycol (F4). The physical characteristics of the formulations were assessed using several parameters: organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, centrifugation, spreadability, viscosity, and rheological behaviour. Penetration studies were performed using a Franz Diffusion Cell with a Whatman No. 1 membrane (pre-coated with Spangler solution) for 360 minutes. The penetration data were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with a C18 BEH column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.8 μm particle size). The results showed that each formulation exhibited distinct characteristics. The study findings indicated that both gelatin and propylene glycol, as well as their combination, significantly influenced the penetration of asiaticoside in the gel formulation. Propylene glycol, functioning as a penetration enhancer, was found to increase the penetration of asiaticoside in both gelatin-based and liquid formulations.              
Analisis Kandungan Hidrokuinon dan Niasinamid pada Krim Pemutih Racikan di Klinik Kecantikan Wilayah Bekasi Selatan Novia Ramadhani; Supandi; Estu Mahanani Dhilasari; Mabrurotul Mustafidah; Nelly Suryani; Marvel
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v7i2.48740

Abstract

Hydroquinone and niacinamide are whitening agents used alone or combined with cream products. Currently, the level of hydroquinone still exceeds the recommended safety limit. This study aimed to identify and determine the levels of hydroquinone and niacinamide in whitening creams prescribed by a beauty clinic in South Bekasi. The UV-Vis spectrophotometry was performed simultaneously. This study begins with the validation of analytical methods using validation parameters. Hydroquinone and niacinamide were identified using five samples, determined by purposive sampling, and measured at the maximum wavelengths of hydroquinone (293.4 nm) and niacinamide (261.4 nm). The results of the method validation showed that the linearity values expressed in the correlation coefficient (r) at concentrations of hydroquinone 8-28 µg/mL and niacinamide 10-34 µg/mL were 0,9999 and 0.998, LOD values 0,3990 and 0,3525 µg/mL, LOQ values were 1,3299 and 1,1749 µg/mL, RSD values of 0,0909% and 0,2591%, and recovery values were in the range of 99,154±0,223% to 107,387±0,121%. Based on the research data, it can be concluded that the five samples contained hydroquinone and niacinamide compounds at levels of 17,246% and 1,211% (A), 18,002% and 2,034% (B), 5,033% and 0,823% (C), 0,952% and 0,575% (D), and 0,10% and 5,367% (E). Samples A, B, and C have hydroquinone content exceeding the permitted maximum, while sample E contains niacinamide in an amount exceeding the recommendation.
Co-Authors Abdi Wira Septama Atina Munfarikhatin Estu Mahanani Dhilasari Herdini Mabrurotul Mustafidah Marvel Maulina Handayani Novia Ramadhani Ofa Suzanti Betha Sabrina Dahlizar Sofa Fajriah Supandi Yuni Anggraeni Zilhadia