This study aimed to address the urgency of reconstructing an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Islamic Religious Education (IRE) curriculum and aimed to develop a comprehensive framework aligned with students' digital needs in the Society 5.0 era. A qualitative case study was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 2 Bandung Regency, West Java, involving 19 informants comprising IRE teachers, students, the Vice Principal for Curriculum, and the Head of Madrasah. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, then analyzed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis framework with validation through triangulation and member checking. Findings revealed that the previous IRE curriculum, which focused on memorization and teacher-centered instruction, created a significant gap between students' cognitive knowledge and their ability to apply Islamic values in digital contexts. The proposed AI-based curriculum reconstruction encompassed three interconnected components: Foundational Analysis (evaluating previous curriculum gaps and AI resource needs), Pedagogical Transformation (redesigning methods through blended learning models), and Systemic Integration (implementation strategies and AI-driven evaluation systems). Persistent challenges included teachers' limited AI competence, inadequate infrastructure, and ethical concerns regarding the preservation of Islamic values. This model offered a scalable blueprint for madrasahs navigating digital transformation while preserving the spiritual essence of Islamic education in the Society 5.0 era.