The Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG) is a national strategic policy aimed at enhancing human capital quality through nutritional intervention. This study aims to analyze the social, economic, and political implications of the MBG program for the community in Aceh Tenggara Regency. The method employed is a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 10 key informants, including education authorities, school administrators, MSME caterers, and parents, supplemented by a review of regional development documents. The findings indicate that in Aceh Tenggara, the MBG program successfully stimulates the local agricultural sector by absorbing regional commodities such as rice and highland vegetables, while creating new employment opportunities for village-level cooks and distributors. Socially, the program significantly reduces the daily expenditure burden on farming households and improves students' learning readiness. However, politically, the study identifies a risk of local-level program instrumentalization, where food vendor selection mechanisms are vulnerable to political patronage practices by village elites. This study concludes that the long-term effectiveness of the MBG program requires standardized procurement transparency and the strengthening of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) to minimize practical political interference in aid distribution. Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) merupakan kebijakan strategis nasional untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia melalui intervensi gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implikasi sosial, ekonomi, dan politik program MBG terhadap masyarakat Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 10 informan kunci yang terdiri dari otoritas pendidikan, pengelola sekolah, pelaku UMKM jasa boga, dan orang tua siswa, serta didukung oleh studi dokumen laporan pembangunan daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Aceh Tenggara, MBG berhasil menstimulasi sektor pertanian lokal melalui penyerapan komoditas unggulan seperti beras dan sayuran pegunungan, serta menciptakan lapangan kerja baru bagi tenaga masak dan distribusi di tingkat desa. Secara sosial, program ini mengurangi beban pengeluaran harian rumah tangga tani secara signifikan dan meningkatkan kesiapan belajar siswa. Namun secara politik, penelitian ini menemukan adanya risiko instrumentalisasi program di tingkat lokal, di mana mekanisme penentuan vendor penyedia makanan rentan terhadap praktik patronase politik elit desa. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas jangka panjang MBG memerlukan standarisasi transparansi pengadaan dan penguatan peran BUMDes untuk meminimalisir intervensi politik praktis dalam distribusi bantuan.