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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR) Prosiding SNTTM
Bagdja, Ade
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Manufacturing of duplex stainless steel using local material ferronickel on laboratory scale Bagdja, Ade; Marlina, Riyan
Prosiding SNTTM Vol 23 No 1 (2025): SNTTM XXIII October 2025
Publisher : BKS-TM Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71452/n80ed832

Abstract

The study aims to manufacture a duplex stainless steel in laboratory scale using local ferronickel as the main alloying material. The melting process was carried out using the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) method using three variations of material composition: (1) Fe-Ni 40%, Fe 35%, Cr 25%; (2) Fe-Ni 42%, Fe 33%, Cr 25%; (3) Fe-Ni 38%, Fe 33%, Cr 25%. Tests carried out included microstructure, Vickers hardness, and chemical composition. Microstructure testing showed that all specimens formed two main phases, namely ferrite and austenite. Hardness testing of the three specimens: (1) 217.70 HV; (2) 239.22 HV; (3) 221.52 HV. Chemical composition testing showed that all specimens had a Cr content of 19.7% - 22.3% and Ni 8.52% - 9.75%. Mapping of the chemical composition of each test specimen on the Schaeffler diagram shows that all specimens are in the duplex stainless steel region. Furthermore, specimen 2 shows the best phase balance with the highest hardness value of 239.22 HV. This study proves that local ferronickel can be used as an alternative alloying material in the production of duplex stainless steel.
Swarm Intelligence-Based Path Planning for Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Maritime Patrol Missions Afrianta, Muhammad Fajar Indra; Dindin, Imanuel; Bagdja, Ade; Amperiawan, Gita; Furqon, Muhammad Zainal
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i3.16262

Abstract

Autonomous maritime operations increasingly demand sophisticated navigation solutions for unmanned surface platforms conducting surveillance missions. This systematic review examines bio-inspired optimization techniques applied to route planning within multi-vessel autonomous systems during 2020-2025. Analysis encompasses twelve computational methods centered on Particle Swarm and Ant Colony Optimization, evaluating execution speed, solution accuracy, and operational applicability. Findings indicate PSO variants offer optimal equilibrium between processing efficiency and outcome precision, whereas combined methodologies demonstrate enhanced resilience within unpredictable marine conditions. Four coordination frameworks leader-follower, virtual structure, behavior-driven, and consensus mechanisms were assessed for tactical scenarios. Integration of international collision prevention regulations through adaptive safety zones shows substantial advancement, though 73% investigations utilize simulation exclusively without physical maritime testing. Results establish theoretical groundwork and performance standards for operationally deployable autonomous fleet patrol capabilities while highlighting research priorities including standardized assessment protocols, robust communication architectures, and comprehensive validation bridging simulation-reality gaps.
Co-Authors Afrianta, Muhammad Fajar Indra Amperiawan, Gita Dindin, Imanuel Furqon, Muhammad Zainal Marlina, Riyan