<![CDATA[Penerimaan pajak Indonesia masih menghadapi praktik penghindaran pajak, terutama pada sektor pertambangan yang memiliki aset tetap besar, transaksi pihak berelasi, dan kebutuhan pendanaan tinggi. Temuan penelitian terdahulu tentang transfer pricing, capital intensity, dan thin capitalization belum konsisten, dan hubungan ketiganya dengan penghindaran pajak pada periode setelah berlakunya kewajiban dokumentasi transfer pricing dan batas rasio utang terhadap modal masih perlu ditelaah. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan ketiga variabel tersebut dengan penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2021–2024. Sampel dipilih secara purposive sebanyak 20 perusahaan (80 observasi; 75 observasi setelah lima pencilan dikeluarkan). Penghindaran pajak diukur dengan cash effective tax rate (CETR), sehingga CETR yang lebih rendah menunjukkan penghindaran pajak yang lebih tinggi, dan data dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda. Transfer pricing berhubungan negatif dengan CETR (B = −1,480; p = 0,008), yang mengindikasikan penghindaran pajak yang lebih tinggi; capital intensity berhubungan positif dengan CETR (B = 1,599; p = 0,040), yang mengindikasikan penghindaran pajak yang lebih rendah; dan thin capitalization tidak berhubungan signifikan (p = 0,345). Model secara simultan signifikan (F = 4,163; p = 0,009) dengan adjusted R² sebesar 0,114. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa pengawasan transaksi pihak berelasi pada perusahaan pertambangan tetap relevan. Hasil penelitian bersifat asosiatif dan perlu dikonfirmasi dengan analisis data panel serta ukuran penghindaran pajak alternatif. Indonesia's tax revenue still faces tax avoidance, particularly in the mining sector, which has large fixed assets, related-party transactions, and high financing needs. Previous findings on transfer pricing, capital intensity, and thin capitalization are inconsistent, and their relationship with tax avoidance in the period after transfer pricing documentation requirements and the debt-to-equity limit took effect still needs examination. This study analyzes the relationship between these three variables and tax avoidance in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021–2024. A purposive sample of 20 companies was used (80 observations; 75 after five outliers were excluded). Tax avoidance was measured by the cash effective tax rate (CETR), so a lower CETR indicates higher tax avoidance, and the data were analyzed with multiple linear regression. Transfer pricing was negatively associated with CETR (B = −1.480; p = 0.008), indicating higher tax avoidance; capital intensity was positively associated with CETR (B = 1.599; p = 0.040), indicating lower tax avoidance; and thin capitalization was not significantly associated (p = 0.345). The model was jointly significant (F = 4.163; p = 0.009), with an adjusted R² of 0.114. These findings imply that monitoring related-party transactions in mining companies remains relevant. The results are associative and need to be confirmed with panel data analysis and alternative tax avoidance measures.]]>
