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All Journal Zero : Jurnal Sains, Matematika, dan Terapan
Sriningsih, Riry
Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Padang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Mathematics Physics

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Mathematical Model of Zakat and Low-Tax Policy Effects on Economic Population Subhan, Muhammad; Sriningsih, Riry
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i1.28497

Abstract

Many Islamic countries implement low-tax policies, but these often fail to reduce inequality and poverty. Zakat has a function to redistribute wealth, but previous studies fail to explore its dynamic interaction with tax systems. This study builds a mathematical model that describes the combined effects of zakat and low-tax policies on economic population dynamics. We develop a system of differential equations that represents wealthy, middle, and poor populations, then analyze it qualitatively by finding equilibrium points and their stability. Analysis reveals a single asymptotically stable equilibrium point, indicating that zakat effectively reduces the wealth gap, even under a low-tax setting. We also established a threshold condition for the middle-to-poor population ratio, guiding policymakers on designing effective poverty interventions. This study lays a theoretical groundwork that incorporates Islamic financial institutions into poverty reduction strategies.
Co-Authors Subhan, Muhammad