<![CDATA[Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja migran Indonesia serta mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan implementatif dalam praktik perlindungan ketenagakerjaan lintas negara. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Data penelitian diperoleh melalui studi terhadap regulasi, literatur ilmiah, serta berbagai kajian yang relevan dengan isu perlindungan pekerja migran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka regulasi perlindungan pekerja migran Indonesia telah diatur secara komprehensif melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia yang menegaskan tanggung jawab negara dalam memberikan perlindungan pada tahap pra-penempatan, masa penempatan, dan purna penempatan. Meskipun demikian, implementasi perlindungan hukum masih menghadapi berbagai kendala struktural, antara lain lemahnya pengawasan terhadap proses perekrutan tenaga kerja migran, keterbatasan akses pekerja migran terhadap bantuan hukum di negara tujuan, serta belum optimalnya koordinasi antar lembaga dalam sistem perlindungan tenaga kerja migran. Temuan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa perlindungan pekerja migran memerlukan penguatan implementasi kebijakan melalui peningkatan pengawasan kelembagaan, penguatan kerja sama bilateral dengan negara tujuan, serta peningkatan literasi hukum bagi calon pekerja migran guna memastikan terpenuhinya hak-hak pekerja migran secara efektif dan berkelanjutan. Kata kunci : Migrasi Tenaga Kerja; Pekerja Migran; Perlindungan Hukum; Regulasi Ketenagakerjaan Abstract This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal protection for Indonesian migrant workers and to identify practical challenges in the implementation of cross-border labor protection policies. The research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Data were obtained through the examination of legislation, legal literature, and relevant scholarly studies related to migrant worker protection. The findings reveal that the legal framework governing the protection of Indonesian migrant workers has been comprehensively regulated through Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia, which emphasizes the state's responsibility to ensure protection during the pre-placement, placement, and post-placement stages. However, the implementation of such legal protection still faces several structural challenges, including weak supervision of migrant worker recruitment processes, limited access to legal assistance for migrant workers in destination countries, and insufficient institutional coordination within the migrant worker protection system. These findings indicate that strengthening migrant worker protection requires improved institutional supervision, stronger bilateral cooperation with destination countries, and enhanced legal literacy among prospective migrant workers to ensure the effective and sustainable fulfillment of migrant workers’ rights. Key words : labor migration; legal protection; migrant workers; labor regulation]]>
