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All Journal International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS)
Ramlan
Universitas Batam
Religion Humanities Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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LEGAL ANALYSIS OF LEGAL CERTAINTY REGARDING THE USE OF AU-TOMATIC GATES (AUTOGATE) AT THE IMMIGRATION CHECKPOINT OF THE INTERNATIONAL PORT OF CITRA TRITUNAS (A RESEARCH STUDY AT THE CLASS I SPECIAL IMMIGRATION OFFICE OF TPI BATAM) Immanuel Simanjuntak; Ramlan; Bachtiar Simatupang; Erniyanti
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.4017

Abstract

The modernization of Indonesia's immigration system through the use of digital technology is a response to the need for efficient, fast, and legally guaranteed public services. One such innovation is the use of automatic gates (autogates) at Immigration Checkpoints (TPI), including at Citra Tritunas International Port, Batam. However, the implementation of autogates as an immigration inspection tool raises various legal issues, ranging from regulatory loopholes, technical obstacles, to cultural resistance that can threaten legal certainty and the protection of user rights. This study aims to analyze the regulation and implementation of autogate use from a legal certainty perspective, as well as identify obstacles and formulate relevant solutions. This study uses normative and empirical legal methodologies, with a regulatory approach, field interviews, and direct observation at the Class I Special Immigration Office for the Batam Port Area. John Rawls' theory of justice serves as a grand theory, Lawrence M. Friedman's theory of legal systems as a middle theory, and Sudikno Mertokusumo's theory of legal certainty as an applied theory. The research findings indicate that, from a normative perspective, the use of automatic gates has been regulated through the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 9 of 2024; However, this is not yet supported by detailed technical regulations, such as standard operating procedures (SOPs) and operational guidelines. Field implementation demonstrates procedural efficiency; however, it still faces technical glitches, infrastructure limitations, and low user understanding. These obstacles result in legal uncertainty and inadequate protection of user rights. Therefore, technical regulatory updates, human resource training, public awareness campaigns, and strengthened cross-sector coordination and digital-based monitoring systems are needed.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF ‘HUMAN SECURITY’ IN IMMIGRATION POLICY TO COMBAT HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN INDONESIA (A RESEARCH STUDY AT THE CLASS I SPECIAL IMMIGRATION OFFICE IN BATAM) Randy Asmoro Dwi Purnomo; Ramlan; Dahlan; Erniyanti
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.4022

Abstract

Human Trafficking (TPPO) is a complex and evolving transnational crime, particularly in border areas such as Batam City, which serves as a strategic route for cross-border human movement. Combating TPPO requires not only a repressive legal approach but also a human security-based protection approach that places individuals at the center of protection efforts. This study aims to analyze from a legal perspective how the concept of human security is applied in Indonesian immigration policy to combat TPPO, with a specific focus on the Batam Class I Special Immigration Office. The research methods used are normative legal methods and empirical legal methods with a statutory and sociolegal approach. Data were obtained through literature studies, legal documentation, and interviews with immigration officials and relevant agencies in Batam. The results of the study indicate that existing laws and regulations, such as Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration and Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of TPPO, have provided an adequate legal basis. However, the implementation of the human security concept in immigration policy has not been optimal due to overlapping regulations, weak inter-agency coordination, technological limitations, and officials' lack of understanding of human security principles. The Batam TPI Immigration Office has attempted to implement preventive and repressive measures, but still requires increased institutional capacity and inter-agency synergy. Recommendations include the development of integrated operational guidelines based on human security, training immigration officers, strengthening early detection systems and inter-agency coordination, and increasing the state's role in ensuring comprehensive legal protection for victims of human trafficking.
Co-Authors Bachtiar Simatupang Dahlan Immanuel Simanjuntak Randy Asmoro Dwi Purnomo