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All Journal Journal of Health and Nutrition Research
Diana Nur Afifah
Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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The Effect of Moringa Leaf Powder and Egg Supplementation on Nutritional Status and Appetite: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Undernourished Children Luti Bilqisthi Putri; Adriyan Pramono; Siti Fatimah Muis; Endang Mahati; Diana Nur Afifah
Journal of Health and Nutrition Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Media Publikasi Cendekia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56303/jhnresearch.v5i1.1080

Abstract

Undernutrition among children under five remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in East Nusa Tenggara Province. According to the 2024 Health Profile of East Nusa Tenggara Province, the prevalence of undernourished (wasted) children in South Central Timor Regency increased from 5.1% in 2019–2020 to 9.7% in 2024, indicating a persistent burden of acute malnutrition. While plant-based, nutrient-dense foods such as Moringa oleifera leaf powder have been widely promoted, evidence on their effectiveness when combined with high–biological-value animal protein, particularly eggs, remains limited. This study aimed to assess the effect of combined moringa leaf powder and egg supplementation on appetite and nutritional status among undernourished children aged 36–59 months. A quasi-experimental study with a control group was conducted from May to July 2025 in the Batuputih Health Center area. Forty undernourished children (weight-for-age Z-score −3 to −2 SD) were allocated to an intervention group (15 g/day moringa leaf powder plus one egg) or a control group (one egg only) for 60 days. Appetite was assessed using the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ), and nutritional status was evaluated using WHO anthropometric indices Significant improvements in weight-for-age and weight-for-height were observed in both groups (p < 0.05). However, a significant increase in appetite was found only in the intervention group (p = 0.039), while no significant change was observed in height-for-age. The integration of moringa leaf powder with egg-based animal protein effectively improves appetite and short-term nutritional status, supporting weight-for-age and appetite as the most sensitive indicators for short-term nutrition programs, while linear growth requires longer intervention periods.
Potential of Fish Protein Hydrolysates as Bioactive Ingredients for Antidiabetic Functional Snacks: A Narrative Review Rahma Agniya Nugraha; Ahmad Syauqy; Diana Nur Afifah
Journal of Health and Nutrition Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Media Publikasi Cendekia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56303/jhnresearch.v5i2.1236

Abstract

The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus highlights the need for food-based strategies that reduce postprandial glycaemic excursions. Snacks are a critical dietary target due to their frequent consumption, yet most commercial options are rich in rapidly digestible carbohydrates. Fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) offer peptide-mediated bioactivity beyond simple macronutrient substitution, but their application in antidiabetic snack development remains limited. This review evaluates the potential of FPHs as functional ingredients in antidiabetic snack formulations. A narrative synthesis of literature from major scientific databases was performed, focusing on antidiabetic mechanisms of FPH-derived peptides and their incorporation into finished snack products. Evidence suggests that FPHs may support glycaemic regulation through inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP-IV, modulation of incretin pathways including GLP-1, and antioxidant activity, mainly demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo models. Product studies indicate that FPH incorporation at optimal levels of approximately 2–15% improves protein density and digestibility in snack matrices such as cookies, biscuits, bars, noodles, and bread. However, sensory acceptance is formulation-dependent, and bitterness or fishy off-flavours may require mitigation strategies such as enzymatic debittering or fermentation. Despite promising functional properties, human evidence confirming glycaemic benefits of FPH-enriched snacks remains limited. Standardized characterization and well-controlled clinical trials using finished products are essential to translate mechanistic potential into validated dietary applications.
Co-Authors Adriyan Pramono Ahmad Syauqy Endang Mahati Luti Bilqisthi Putri Rahma Agniya Nugraha Siti Fatimah Muis