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All Journal Journal of Islamic Mysticism, Psychotherapy, and Philosophy
Akhmad Rofii Damyati
STAI Al Mujtama Pamekasan
Religion Humanities

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Pokok-Pokok Pemikiran Sufi Imam Junaid Al-Baghdadi: Analisis Tasawuf Sunni Klasik Nukman bin Jurkapali; Akhmad Rofii Damyati
VIRTUOUS JOURNAL Vol 1 No 2 (2024): November
Publisher : STAI Al-Mujtama Pamekasan

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Abstract

This article examines the core ideas of Junaid al-Baghdadi as a central figure in the formation of classical Sunni Sufism. The main focus of this study is an analysis of the concepts of tawḥīd, fanāʾ–baqāʾ, ṣaḥw (spiritual awareness), and the integration between sharīʿah and ḥaqīqah. The research employs a qualitative method based on literature study with a descriptive-analytical approach to both classical sources and contemporary academic studies. The results indicate that Junaid al-Baghdadi developed a moderate and systematic model of Sufism, emphasizing a balance between the exoteric dimension (sharīʿah) and the esoteric dimension (ḥaqīqah). He rejected extreme forms of Sufism that disregard sharīʿah norms and emphasized the importance of rational control in mystical experiences. His concept of ṣaḥw serves as the foundation for a “conscious” and measured Sufism, in contrast to the ecstatic (sukr) model that tends to be expressive. This article concludes that Junaid al-Baghdadi’s thought makes a fundamental contribution to constructing an integrative and ethical Sunni Sufi paradigm that remains relevant within the context of contemporary Islamic spirituality.
Reconstructing Islamic Legal Philosophy : Al-Ghazālī’s al-Mustaṣfā in Dialogue with Contemporary Jurisprudence Sadrul Eslam TAHİRİ; Akhmad Rofii Damyati
VIRTUOUS JOURNAL Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Mei
Publisher : STAI Al-Mujtama Pamekasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54625/virtuous.v3i1.8358

Abstract

Bu makale, Ebû Hamid el-Gazâlî'nin el-Mustaṣfā fī ʿIlm al-Uṣūl adlı eserinde dile getirdiği İslam hukuku felsefesini , çağdaş hukuk tartışmaları bağlamına yerleştirerek yeniden yapılandırmaktadır. Mevcut akademik çalışmalar el-Gazâlî'nin usûl al-fiqh'e katkılarını ve maqāṣid al-sharīʿah'ın erken formülasyonunu kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemiş olsa da, onun düşüncesini modern hukuk felsefesi merceğinden analiz etmede önemli bir boşluk bulunmaktadır. Bu boşluğu ele alan çalışma, yakın metin analizi ve karşılaştırmalı hukuk temelli nitel bir yöntem kullanarak, el-Gazâlî'yi HLA Hart, Ronald Dworkin ve John Finnis gibi önde gelen modern hukuk kuramcılarıyla eleştirel bir diyaloga yerleştirmektedir. Makale, Gazali'nin ilahi otoriteye dayanan ancak yapılandırılmış rasyonel sorgulama yoluyla şekillenen, sofistike bir hukuksal amaççılık teorisi geliştirdiğini savunmaktadır. Maslahat ve maksat kavramlaştırması, önemli yönlerden çağdaş hukuk yorumu ve doğal hukuk teorileriyle uyumlu teleolojik bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda, vahyin önceliğine olan ısrarı, yaklaşımını seküler hukuk modellerinden ayıran normatif bir kısıtlama getirmektedir. Bulgular, Gazali'nin çerçevesinin, ahlaki akıl yürütmenin hukuk yorumuna entegrasyonu, nesnel iyiliğin tanınması ve hukuk normlarının sistematik organizasyonu da dahil olmak üzere modern hukuk felsefesinin temel unsurlarını öngördüğünü göstermektedir. Klasik İslam hukuk teorisi ile çağdaş hukuk arasında köprü kuran bu çalışma, hukuk felsefesinin daha küresel ve kapsayıcı bir şekilde anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmakta ve Gazali'nin düşüncesinin modern hukuk söylemindeki kalıcı önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Struktur Argumentasi Hudūth al-‘Ālam: Analisis Kritis Tujuh Syubhat dalam Fath al-Majīd Khoiruddin Saniman; Akhmad Rofii Damyati; Ramli Ramli
VIRTUOUS JOURNAL Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Mei
Publisher : STAI Al-Mujtama Pamekasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54625/virtuous.v3i1.8403

Abstract

Artikel ini mengkaji secara analitis tujuh syubhat (kerancuan argumentatif) terkait konsep hudūth al-‘ālam (kebermulaan alam) dalam tradisi Ilmu Kalam. Perdebatan antara pandangan qidam al-‘ālam (keazalian alam) dan hudūth-nya merupakan salah satu diskursus sentral dalam teologi dan filsafat Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi struktur logika dari masing-masing syubhat, mengungkap asumsi filosofis yang mendasarinya, serta menganalisis metode bantahan yang dikembangkan oleh para mutakallimūn. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan analisis konseptual dan logika argumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketujuh syubhat tersebut berpijak pada tiga asumsi utama: pemahaman temporalitas yang keliru, generalisasi kausalitas secara mutlak, dan reifikasi konsep imkan sebagai entitas eksternal. Sebaliknya, bantahan ilmu kalam menegaskan konsep taqaddum dzātī (prioritas esensial non-temporal) dan ikhtiyār ilāhī (kehendak bebas Tuhan) sebagai solusi konseptual. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa argumen hudūth al-‘ālam dalam ilmu kalam tidak hanya bersifat teologis, tetapi juga memiliki konsistensi filosofis dalam merespons problem ontologi, waktu, dan kausalitas.
The Therapeutic Dimensions of the Soul in Al-Ghazali: A Study of Islamic Psychotherapy Sadrul Eslam Tarihi; Akhmad Rofii Damyati
VIRTUOUS JOURNAL Vol 2 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : STAI Al-Mujtama Pamekasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54625/virtuous.v2i2.8381

Abstract

This article examines the therapeutic dimensions of the soul (nafs) in the thought of Al-Ghazali and explores its relevance for contemporary Islamic psychotherapy. Grounded primarily in al-Ghazali’s magnum opus Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn, the study employs a qualitative textual and conceptual analysis to reconstruct his model of the human psyche and its mechanisms of healing. Al-Ghazali conceptualizes the human being as an integrated entity composed of the nafs, qalb, ʿaql, and rūḥ, where psychological disturbances arise from imbalances among these interrelated faculties. Unlike modern reductionist approaches that isolate mental disorders from spiritual conditions, al-Ghazali frames psychological illness as a manifestation of moral and spiritual disorientation, including diseases of the heart such as envy, arrogance, and excessive attachment to worldly desires. The study further demonstrates that al-Ghazali proposes a structured therapeutic process centered on tazkiyat al-nafs (purification of the soul), mujāhadah (self-discipline), and riyāḍah (spiritual training), supported by cognitive reorientation through maʿrifah (knowledge of God and the self). These elements collectively form a holistic psychotherapeutic system that integrates ethical refinement, cognitive transformation, and behavioral regulation. The findings suggest that al-Ghazali’s model anticipates key aspects of contemporary therapeutic approaches, such as cognitive restructuring and mindfulness, while maintaining a distinct theocentric orientation. This research contributes to the development of an Islamically integrated psychotherapy framework by offering a systematic reconstruction of al-Ghazali’s therapeutic psychology and highlighting its enduring relevance in addressing modern psychological challenges.
Co-Authors Khoiruddin Saniman Nukman bin Jurkapali Ramli Ramli Sadrul Eslam TAHİRİ Sadrul Eslam Tarihi