<![CDATA[Background: The global rise of antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Enterobacterales, has become a significant health concern, particularly carbapenem resistance due to carbapenemase production. Knowledge Gap: While the global threat of carbapenem-resistant bacteria is well-recognized, there remains a need for localized studies that provide detailed insights into the prevalence and characteristics of these resistant strains, particularly in developing regions. Aims: This study aims to identify carbapenem-resistant isolates in various clinical samples and explore phenotypic methods for carbapenemase production. Methods: 100 bacterial isolates from Batool Teaching Hospital were collected for identification, antibiotic susceptibility, colony morphology, Gram staining, biochemical reactions, and carbapenemase production, following CLSI guidelines. Results: The most frequent isolate was Escherichia coli (36%), with 24.5% showing carbapenem resistance. Other significant isolates included Staphylococcus aureus (17%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.5%), and Proteus mirabilis (7%). Carbapenem resistance was higher in females (53%) compared to males (47%), with the age group 21-45 showing the highest resistance rates. Novelty: This study provides one of the first region-specific profiles of carbapenem-resistant strains in this area, highlighting significant gender and age-related trends. Implications: The findings underscore the urgent need for stricter antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures to prevent the further spread of carbapenem-resistant organisms, which pose a critical risk to both patients and the wider community. Highlights: Escherichia coli had the highest carbapenem resistance at 24.5%. Females showed higher resistance (53%) than males (47%). Highest resistance observed in ages 21-45. Keywords: Carbapenem resistance, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, clinical isolates, Escherichia coli, carbapenemase production]]>
