<![CDATA[General Background: Modern literary studies frequently examine dramatic works as reflections of human existence, identity formation, and subjective perceptions of reality. Specific Background: Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie has commonly been interpreted through psychological and familial perspectives, particularly focusing on its portrayal of a dysfunctional family and emotional tensions. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive discussion of these themes, limited attention has been devoted to analyzing the play through the combined perspectives of expressionism and existential philosophy, particularly the existential framework of Jean-Paul Sartre. Aims: This study aims to examine how the play constructs existential dilemmas and subjective realities through expressionistic dramatic techniques and the characters’ struggle for identity and meaning. Results: The analysis shows that the characters experience profound existential anxiety, manifested through repressed identities, fragmented perceptions of reality, and the tension between illusion and truth. Williams employs memory, symbolic imagery, lighting, and expressionistic stage devices to depict emotionally disordered realities and to highlight the characters’ attempts to negotiate freedom, responsibility, and self-definition within an indifferent social environment. Novelty: The study offers an integrated interpretation that links Sartrean existential concepts—such as freedom, authenticity, and “bad faith”—with Williams’ expressionistic theatrical strategies in representing subjective identity and existential crisis. Implications: These findings contribute to literary scholarship by demonstrating how dramatic form and philosophical inquiry intersect in The Glass Menagerie, providing deeper insight into the representation of modern human alienation, self-constructed reality, and the search for authentic existence within twentieth-century American drama. Highlights:• Expressionistic Dramatic Devices Portray Fragmented Perception and Inner Psychological Tension.• Characters Confront Freedom, Responsibility, and Identity Within Sartrean Existential Philosophy.• Memory and Illusion Construct Subjective Reality in Modern American Dramatic Narrative. KeywordsExistentialism, Expressionism, Jean-Paul Sartre, Tennessee Williams, Subjective Identity. ]]>
