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All Journal REUSAM ; Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Academia Open
Muammar Muammar
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Malikussaleh
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Towards a Child-Friendly City in East Aceh through Collaborative Governance and Local Challenges Mukhlis Mukhlis; Muammar Muammar; Fitri Maghfirah
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10938

Abstract

General Background: The development of Child-Friendly Cities (CFC) is a strategic initiative to ensure the fulfillment of children's rights in urban governance. Specific Background: Despite national efforts, until 2023, no city or regency in Indonesia has achieved the "Plenary" category of a Child-Friendly City (Kota Layak Anak/KLA). Knowledge Gap: Existing literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and model implementations of CFC development in Indonesia. Aims: This study aims to analyze the urgency of KLA development and identify existing models of CFC implementation in Indonesia. Results: Through a qualitative literature review of academic studies, government publications, international organization reports, and media sources, the study finds that collaborative governance involving policymakers, children, and communities is essential for advancing CFC programs. Novelty: The study highlights the need to contextualize child-focused policies to local socio-cultural and developmental needs—an aspect often overlooked in top-down policy approaches. Implications: The findings suggest that sustainable progress toward CFC status requires not only integrated multi-stakeholder collaboration but also adaptive strategies responsive to local child welfare issues, thereby offering a more inclusive and effective policy design framework. Highlights: No Indonesian city has achieved "Plenary" Child-Friendly City status by 2023. Effective CFC development requires collaboration between policymakers, children, and communities. Local context must guide the formulation of child-responsive policies. Keywords: Child Friendly City, Collaborative Governance, Children’s Rights, Urban Policy
Customary Law and Social Capital Synergy for Paya Nie Peatland Governance Sela Azkia; Fitri Maghfirah; Faisal Faisal; Muammar Muammar; Nazwa Salsabila; Cristian Hans Pebrianta Sitepus
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12174

Abstract

General background: Peatland ecosystems such as Paya Nie hold strategic ecological and socio-economic value as carbon sinks, biodiversity habitats, and community livelihood sources. Specific background: Despite these roles, Paya Nie faces degradation due to land conversion and weak enforcement of conservation norms. Customary law historically guided sustainable use, but its oral nature and reliance on social sanctions reduce its effectiveness in the face of modernization. Knowledge gap: Previous studies have emphasized either the ecological or legal dimensions but have rarely examined the synergy of customary law, social capital, and national law in peatland governance. Aims: This study employs a normative juridical method enriched with a socio-legal perspective to analyze the position of customary law in Indonesia’s legal system and its integration with social capital for ecological sustainability. Results: Findings confirm that while customary law is constitutionally recognized, its enforcement is limited, requiring revitalization through codification, strengthened social capital, and harmonization with national regulations. Novelty: The study introduces a governance model that integrates customary law, social capital, and state law as a synergistic framework for sustainable peatland management. Implications: This model contributes theoretically to socio-legal discourse and practically to policymaking, offering adaptive, participatory, and sustainable solutions for environmental conservation and community empowerment. Highlights: Integration of customary law, social capital, and national law strengthens peatland management. Codification and formal recognition enhance the enforcement of customary norms. Synergy model offers adaptive and participatory governance for sustainability. Keywords: Customary Law, Social Capital, Peatland Conservation, Environmental Governance, Sustainability
Regulatory Framework For Sharia Fintech In Indonesia Post-Development And Strengthening Of The Financial Sector: Sharia Compliance, Sharia Supervisory Board, Consumer Protection, Risk Management, And Dispute Resolution Arif Rahman; Elidar Sari; malahayati Rahman; Marlia Sastro; Muammar Muammar
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Reusam Vol 14 No 1 (2026): REUSAM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum - Mei 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh

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Abstract

The development of technology-based funding services has transformed legal relationships in the financial services sector and increased the need for legal certainty, governance, risk management, and consumer protection. In the Islamic finance context, the complexity is heightened because providers must comply not only with positive law but also with Sharia principles. This study examines the adequacy of Indonesia's regulatory framework for Sharia fintech following Law Number 4 of 2023 on Financial Sector Development and Strengthening as amended by Law Number 4 of 2026, Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 40 of 2024 on Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services, Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 22 of 2023 on Consumer and Public Protection in the Financial Services Sector, and Financial Services Authority Circular Letter Number 19/SEOJK.06/2025. This normative legal research employs statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The study finds that the legal problem is no longer appropriately framed as the absence of regulation, but as the integration of positive law, Sharia standards, Sharia supervisory governance, risk management, consumer protection, dispute resolution, and enforcement. POJK 40/2024 strengthens the LPBBTI framework, including provisions on Sharia business units, Sharia Supervisory Boards, governance, and risk mitigation. SEOJK 19/2025 further operationalizes Sharia compliance through references to fatwas and/or Sharia Supervisory Board opinions and periodic evaluation. Nevertheless, the functional relationship between fatwas, DPS, Sharia risk management, consumer protection, and enforcement still require strengthening. This study proposes a Sharia compliance chain as a model for strengthening regulatory governance of Sharia fintech in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Arif Rahman Cristian Hans Pebrianta Sitepus Elidar Sari Faisal Faisal Fitri Maghfirah malahayati Rahman Marlia Sastro Mukhlis Mukhlis Nazwa Salsabila Sela Azkia