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Nursyamsi Nursyamsi
Program studi magister teknik sipil, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik Berjenis HDPE Dan PET Sebagai Subtitusi Agregat Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Paving Block: Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik Berjenis HDPE Dan PET Sebagai Subtitusi Agregat Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Paving Block Siti Annisa Samosir; Nursyamsi Nursyamsi; Johannes Tarigan
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10972

Abstract

The utilization of waste as a substitute material for aggregate in paving blocks has become an effective and innovative option. One of the largest contributors to global plastic waste is Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) bottle caps, both of which are types of plastic that can be used in paving mixtures due to their strength and easy availability. This research aims to examine the effects of using plastic bottle waste and bottle cap waste as aggregate substitutes on the mechanical properties of paving blocks, including impact testing and cost analysis. The results of this study show that PET variations perform better than HDPE. A 5% PET plastic variation produced the highest compressive strength of 22.32 MPa, while the lowest compressive strength was recorded with a 15% HDPE variation at 14.62 MPa. In addition to mechanical performance, paving blocks with PET variations are capable of reducing up to 2.45 kg of plastic bottles per 1 m².The utilization of waste as a substitute material for aggregate in paving blocks has become an effective and innovative option. One of the largest contributors to global plastic waste is Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) bottle caps, both of which are types of plastic that can be used in paving mixtures due to their strength and easy availability. This research aims to examine the effects of using plastic bottle waste and bottle cap waste as aggregate substitutes on the mechanical properties of paving blocks, including impact testing and cost analysis. The results of this study show that PET variations perform better than HDPE. A 5% PET plastic variation produced the highest compressive strength of 22.32 MPa, while the lowest compressive strength was recorded with a 15% HDPE variation at 14.62 MPa. In addition to mechanical performance, paving blocks with PET variations are capable of reducing up to 2.45 kg of plastic bottles per 1 m².Highlight : Paving blocks with 5% PET or HDPE meet strength standards for parking use while reducing water absorption. Higher plastic content (>5%) weakens mechanical and impact resistance due to poor bonding. Using PET 5% cuts material costs and reduces plastic waste by 245 kg per 100 m² area. Keywords : Paving Block, Plastic Waste, HDPE, PET, Mechanical Strength
Comparative Analysis of Wind Load Standards on Space Truss Structures: Analisis Perbandingan Standar Beban Angin pada Struktur Rangka Ruang Mahesha Gani Tarigan; Johannes Tarigan; Nursyamsi Nursyamsi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.11432

Abstract

General Background: Structural design requires precise determination of loading, with wind load being a critical component that influences the safety and behavior of buildings. Specific Background: In Indonesia, wind load regulations have evolved significantly—from PPIUG 1983 to SNI 1727:2013 and the latest SNI 1727:2020—reflecting changes in building practices and meteorological understanding. Knowledge Gap: However, the comparative impact of these evolving standards on spatial truss structures remains insufficiently explored. Aims: This study investigates how the three standards affect wind load distribution and structural response in space trusses using ETABS software. Results: Findings reveal substantial differences, with SNI 1727:2020 producing the highest mid-span wind pressure (0.886 kN/m²), exceeding that of SNI 1727:2013 (0.546 kN/m²), due to the introduction of the elevation coefficient (Ke) and revisions in building categorization. Novelty: This research uniquely highlights how regulatory evolution introduces quantifiable changes in displacement, axial force behavior, and total structural weight. Implications: The study informs engineers and designers of the critical implications of standard selection, promoting better-informed structural safety and optimization decisions in modern Indonesian construction. Highlights: Highlights regulatory evolution from PPIUG 1983 to SNI 1727:2020. Shows impact of new wind pressure coefficient (Ke) on design results. Compares structural responses under different wind load standards. Keywords: Wind Load, Space Truss, Structural Analysis, Indonesian Standards, ETABS
Optimization of Barrel Vault Space Frame Model for Earthquake Resistant Structure: Optimasi Model Rangka Ruang Barrel Vault untuk Struktur Tahan Gempa Oloan Johanes Siregar; Johannes Tarigan; Nursyamsi Nursyamsi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.11433

Abstract

General Background: Long-span buildings are essential in accommodating wide, unobstructed interior spaces, commonly applied in structures such as stadiums and assembly halls. Specific Background: One effective structural system for such buildings is the space truss with barrel vault configurations, known for their strength and spatial efficiency. Knowledge Gap: However, limited comparative studies exist on the seismic performance and material efficiency of various barrel vault space truss models. Aims: This study aims to analyze and optimize seven barrel vault space truss models spanning 192 m by 120 m with a height of 50 m, focusing on earthquake load response and structural tonnage. Results: The analysis reveals that model 1 has the lowest base shear (V = 3142.50 kN) and structural tonnage, while model 6 exhibits the highest tonnage—62.24% heavier than model 1—and base shear of 4881.18 kN. Novelty: The study provides a comparative seismic performance assessment of large-span space truss models under identical geometric and loading conditions. Implications: These findings support the structural optimization of space trusses for earthquake-prone regions, offering practical insights for efficient and resilient long-span building design. Highlights: Highlights the efficiency of barrel vault space trusses in seismic conditions. Compares seven models to determine the most optimal structure. Emphasizes material savings through structural optimization. Keywords: Space Truss, Earthquake Load, Structural Analysis, Barrel Vault, Optimization
Co-Authors Johannes Tarigan Mahesha Gani Tarigan Oloan Johanes Siregar Siti Annisa Samosir