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All Journal Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine Academia Open
Hussain Adnan Hashim
Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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Molecular Study of Lysozyme Resistant Gram- negative Bacteria Hussain Adnan Hashim
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12827

Abstract

General Background: Lysozyme, an essential antimicrobial enzyme found in bodily fluids, serves as a vital component of the innate immune system, acting primarily by hydrolyzing bacterial cell walls. Specific Background: While lysozyme effectively targets Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria often display resistance due to their protective outer membrane. Recent studies have suggested that specific genes, such as icaA and OatA, may contribute to lysozyme resistance by enhancing biofilm formation and altering cell wall structure. Knowledge Gap: Limited molecular data exist regarding the prevalence of these resistance genes among Gram-negative pathogens isolated from burn patients, particularly in Iraq. Aims: This study aimed to identify the presence of icaA and OatA genes in Gram-negative bacterial isolates from burn patients and assess their potential roles in lysozyme resistance. Results: Among 36 bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (72.20%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.80%) were dominant. The icaA gene was detected in 30.60% and the OatA gene in 22.20% of isolates. Novelty: This research provides the first molecular evidence of icaA and OatA gene distribution among lysozyme-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in burn patients in Thi-Qar. Implications: The findings highlight the need for continuous molecular surveillance of resistance determinants to improve antimicrobial strategies and infection control in burn treatment settings.Highlight : Lysozyme is a key natural antibacterial enzyme. icaA and OatA genes were found in burn bacterial isolates. Monitoring resistance genes is essential. Keywords : Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, OatA Gene, icaA Gene, Burn Patient, Lysozyme Resistant
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Helicobacter pylori in Patients with Chronic Diarrhea in Thi-Qar Province Hussain Adnan Hashim; Mohammed Mahdi Abd
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.352

Abstract

General Background: Helicobacter pylori is a globally prevalent bacterial pathogen increasingly linked to gastrointestinal and extra-gastric disorders. Specific Background: Its role in chronic diarrhea remains insufficiently characterized in Iraq, particularly in Thi-Qar Province, where epidemiological data are inconsistent. Knowledge Gap: Limited molecular evidence exists on local H. pylori strains and the performance of diagnostic methods in patients with chronic diarrhea. Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori and characterize circulating strains among chronic diarrhea patients using stool antigen testing and PCR targeting the cagA gene. Results: A high prevalence was detected by antigen testing, while PCR revealed lower positivity, and two local cagA-positive isolates were genetically characterized and registered in GenBank. Novelty: The study reports the first molecular registration of H. pylori strains from chronic diarrhea cases in Thi-Qar Province. Implications: These findings underscore diagnostic variability and highlight the relevance of local molecular data for epidemiological surveillance and future clinical research.Keywords : Helicobacter pylori, chronic diarrhea, stool antigen test, PCR detection, molecular characterizationHighlight : Rapid stool antigen testing revealed high Helicobacter pylori detection among chronic diarrhea patients. PCR targeting cagA gene showed substantially lower positivity, indicating diagnostic sensitivity variation. Genetic sequencing identified distinct local strains registered in international genomic databases.
Co-Authors Mohammed Mahdi Abd