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All Journal Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine Academia Open
Sarmad Jaafar Mohammed Alrubaye
College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Kerbala
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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Surgical Management of Cleft Lip and Palate: A Multi-Center Survey of Causes, Complications, and Variations in Kerbala Sarmad Jaafar Mohammed Alrubaye
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.13101

Abstract

Background: Cleft lip and palate represent common congenital anomalies with substantial regional variation in presentation and management outcomes. Specific Background: In Kerbala, Iraq, comprehensive data on cleft phenotype distribution, surgical practices, and postoperative complications remain limited despite the condition's prevalence of approximately 1 per 1000 live births. Knowledge Gap: Existing literature lacks detailed regional profiles characterizing phenotype patterns, perioperative protocols, and complication rates specific to this population. Aims: This retrospective chart review examined 55 patients across three Kerbala hospitals to document cleft phenotype distribution, laterality, surgical management approaches, and postoperative outcomes. Results: Cleft lip and palate constituted the predominant phenotype (69.1%), with male predominance (54.55%) and unilateral presentation (67.3%) most common. Primary repairs utilized absorbable sutures with brief hospitalization (81.81% discharged within 1-2 days). Alveolar bone grafting occurred in 34.7% of cases. Postoperative complications included fistula formation (12.7%), scarring (27.2%), and dehiscence (18%), requiring revision surgery in 12.7% of patients. Novelty: This study provides the first comprehensive regional profile of cleft management in Kerbala, establishing baseline metrics for phenotype distribution and surgical outcomes. Implications: Findings highlight the necessity for standardized outcome tracking, enhanced multidisciplinary care protocols, and targeted interventions addressing persistent complications to optimize functional and aesthetic results in this population.Highlight : Cleft lip and palate predominated (69.1%) with unilateral clefts more common and male predominance observed. Primary repair used absorbable sutures with 1-2 day hospital stays; bone grafting performed in 34.7% of cases at ages 7-12 years. Main complications were fistula formation (12.7%) and scarring (27.2%), requiring multidisciplinary follow-up for optimal outcomes Keywords : left Lip and Palate, Surgical Management, Postoperative Complications, Phenotype Distribution, Alveolar Bone Grafting
Comparative Outcomes of Laparoscopic Versus Open Appendectomy in Children Aged 9–13 Years: A Retrospective Study: Hasil Perbandingan antara Laparoskopi dan Bedah Terbuka pada Pengangkatan Appendiks pada Anak Usia 9–13 Tahun: Studi Retrospektif Sarmad Jaafar Mohammed Alrubaye
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.415

Abstract

General Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of emergency abdominal surgery in children and appendectomy remains the standard treatment. Specific Background: While open appendectomy has long been the traditional surgical approach, laparoscopic appendectomy has gained attention in pediatric surgery because of its minimally invasive characteristics and potential benefits for postoperative recovery. Knowledge Gap: Despite numerous comparisons in adult populations, focused evidence evaluating surgical outcomes among school-aged children in specific clinical settings remains limited. Aims: This study compares the clinical and functional outcomes of laparoscopic and open appendectomy in children aged 9–13 years, particularly regarding operative time, postoperative recovery, hospital stay, complications, and return to daily activities. Results: A retrospective analysis of 100 pediatric patients treated between August 2023 and August 2025 showed that laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with reduced postoperative analgesic requirements, earlier oral intake, shorter hospital stay, and faster return to normal activities. Although operative time was slightly longer in the laparoscopic group, overall complication rates were lower and major complications were not significantly different between the groups. Novelty: This study provides focused clinical evidence on surgical outcomes specifically in children aged 9–13 years within a comparative framework. Implications: The findings support the consideration of laparoscopic appendectomy as a preferred surgical option in pediatric appendicitis when appropriate expertise and resources are available. Keywords: Pediatric Appendicitis, Laparoscopic Appendectomy, Open Appendectomy, Postoperative Recovery, Pediatric Surgery Key Findings Highlights Laparoscopic surgery demonstrated reduced postoperative pain and shorter hospitalization. Children undergoing minimally invasive procedures resumed normal activities sooner. Surgical complications were lower overall despite slightly longer operative duration.
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