<![CDATA[General Background: Explanatory text writing is a fundamental literacy competence in elementary education requiring logical organization, causal reasoning, and structured academic language. Specific Background: Prior studies report that students experience difficulties in understanding explanatory text structure and cause–effect relationships, often due to limited interactive pedagogy and insufficiently engaging learning media. Knowledge Gap: Although collaborative learning, storybooks, and animation media have been examined separately, limited empirical research integrates these three approaches simultaneously within explanatory writing instruction at the elementary level. Aims: This study aims to examine the partial, simultaneous, and interaction effects of collaborative learning, storybooks, and animation media on sixth-grade students’ explanatory writing skills. Results: Using a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design involving 120 students across four public elementary schools, findings revealed significant effects of collaborative learning (F=78.239; p<0.05), storybooks (F=58.153; p<0.05), and animation media (F=96.504; p<0.05). Simultaneous regression analysis indicated a significant combined model (F=287.779; p<0.05), while factorial ANCOVA demonstrated a strong interaction effect (F=352.605; p<0.05; Partial Eta Squared=0.597). Novelty: This research provides empirical evidence of a collaborative–multimodal instructional model integrating social interaction, narrative scaffolding, and visual animation in explanatory text writing. Implications: The findings support the implementation of integrated collaborative learning supported by storybooks and animation media to foster structured reasoning, text organization, and sustainable written literacy development in elementary classrooms. Highlights Collaborative group work produced substantially higher posttest scores than conventional instruction. Narrative-based materials provided the strongest predictive contribution in the regression model. Multimodal integration generated a large interaction effect size in factorial ANCOVA analysis. KeywordsCollaborative Learning; Storybooks; Animation Media; Explanatory Writing; Elementary Education]]>
