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Askaryants V.P
Department of Pharmacology, Normal and Pathological Physiology, Tashkent State Medical University
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Alterations in the Adaptation of Pancreatic Enzymes to Food Quality under the Influence of Hexachlorocyclohexane and Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide Babadjanova F.A.; Askaryants V.P; Yunusov A.A.
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13310

Abstract

General Background: The pancreas demonstrates adaptive capacity to modify enzymatic secretion in response to dietary composition, a mechanism essential for efficient nutrient hydrolysis and metabolic homeostasis. Specific Background: Organochlorine pesticides, particularly hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD), have been associated with digestive system disorders, yet their effects on pancreatic enzymatic adaptation and intestinal enzyme-forming function remain inadequately characterized. Knowledge Gap: The extent to which chronic pesticide exposure disrupts the pancreas's ability to adapt enzyme secretion to qualitative changes in food composition, and how these compounds affect small intestinal hydrolytic capacity, has not been systematically investigated. Aims: This study examined the effects of chronic HCH (1/20 LD₅₀ for 30 days) and TMTD (1/20 LD₅₀ for 60 days) exposure on pancreatic enzymatic adaptation to protein-rich and fat-rich dietary stimuli in rats, alongside assessment of small intestinal enzyme-forming function. Results: Control animals exhibited adaptive increases in protease activity following protein intake and lipase activity following fat intake within intestinal chyme; HCH exposure delayed these adaptive responses, whereas TMTD completely abolished pancreatic enzymatic adaptation to food quality, with both pesticides significantly suppressing intestinal enzyme activities. Novelty: This investigation provides the first systematic evidence that organochlorine pesticides disrupt both pancreatic adaptive mechanisms and intestinal hydrolytic enzyme function in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Implications: These findings indicate that pesticide exposure compromises digestive efficiency through dual mechanisms affecting pancreatic regulation and intestinal enzymatic capacity, potentially contributing to metabolic dysfunction in exposed populations.Keyowrds : Pancreatic Enzyme Adaptation, Hexachlorocyclohexane Toxicity, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide, Intestinal Enzyme Function, Organochlorine Pesticide EffectsHighlight : Chronic HCH exposure delays pancreatic adaptive response to dietary protein and fat stimuli. TMTD completely abolishes enzymatic adaptation mechanisms in exocrine pancreatic secretion regulation. Organochlorine pesticides suppress intestinal enzyme activity while paradoxically increasing mucosal amylase levels.
Changes in the Activity of Small Intestinal Enzymes under the Influence of Organophosphorus Pesticides Askaryants V.P; Yunusov A.A; Babadjanova F.A
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13313

Abstract

General Background: Organophosphorus pesticides are widely used agricultural chemicals with known biological effects, yet their impact on digestive physiology remains incompletely understood. Specific Background: Previous research has demonstrated that chlorophos, an organophosphorus compound, suppresses intestinal enzyme activity in experimental animals, with lipase showing particular sensitivity, though comprehensive characterization of organophosphorus effects on small intestinal enzyme systems is lacking. Knowledge Gap: The detailed dose-dependent and time-dependent effects of butiphos, a commonly used organophosphorus pesticide, on the complete spectrum of intestinal digestive enzymes and the reversibility of these effects have not been systematically investigated. Aims: This study investigated the effects of acute and chronic butiphos exposure at varying doses on key small intestinal enzymes including monoglyceride lipase, glycyl-valine dipeptidase, invertase, alkaline phosphatase, and amylase in laboratory rats. Results: Monoglyceride lipase activity was consistently and profoundly suppressed (up to 9-fold reduction) across all exposure regimens, while other enzymes exhibited dose- and time-dependent wave-like fluctuations with transient increases or decreases followed by partial recovery; cessation of pesticide administration resulted in normalization of enzymatic activity and mucosal mass. Novelty: This research provides the first comprehensive characterization of butiphos-induced alterations in intestinal enzyme-forming function, revealing selective esterase inhibition and reversible enterocyte dysfunction. Implications: These findings highlight potential impairment of digestive efficiency during chronic organophosphorus pesticide exposure and underscore the high sensitivity of enterocyte enzymatic systems to these agricultural compounds.Keywords : Organophosphorus Pesticides, Intestinal Enzymes, Monoglyceride Lipase, Butiphos, Digestive FunctionHighlight : Monoglyceride lipase activity consistently suppressed regardless of butiphos dose or duration. Protein and carbohydrate enzymes showed wave-like fluctuations with partial recovery periods. Enzymatic activity and mucosal mass normalized after pesticide administration cessation.
Co-Authors Babadjanova F.A Babadjanova F.A. Yunusov A.A Yunusov A.A.