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All Journal EDUCATIO : Journal of Education Journal of Social Political Sciences (JSPS)
Irma Indrayani
Universitas Nasional Jakarta
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Analysis of the Efficacy of SEMLM in the Learning System in Indonesia Muhammad Hasan Abdillah; Iskandarsyah Siregar; Sabzali Musa Kahn; Irma Indrayani
EDUCATIO, Journal of Education Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : STAI Miftahul Ula Nganjuk

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Abstract

The aim of this research project is to determine whether Indonesian high school students can understand both English and Chinese well through the Simultaneous English–Mandarin Learning (SEMLM) model. This need for two-language competence arises from a global context in which English is the dominant language of science and international communication; yet Mandarin is becoming more visible in Southeast Asia due to geographical changes driven by China’s economic and political awakening. Traditional language teaching in Indonesia has prioritised English, or else has various foreign languages simply following one another, leaving no chance for comprehensive bilingual development among our children. It was a mixed-method study conducted at three schools in Jakarta and Bandung. Data were collected using standardised assessments (Cambridge PET, HSK Level 2), classroom observation and interviews with teachers and students. The study found that simultaneous learners showed improvements in both languages that were more balanced and deeper than those of students following a sequence, with effect sizes of 0.83 for English and 0.76 for Mandarin. Qualitative data from students’ language strategies reveal that they actively applied methods across languages, such as comparing grammars between Mandarin and English, code-switching, or translanguaging, to understand a particular concept more deeply without their minds being overloaded. Supported by cross-linguistic transfer, cognitive interdependence theory, and research on optimal cognitive load management, the study's screen reveals that it is possible to integrate both languages into a single instructional model. The students may, in fact, fare better metalinguistically, staying alert and responding more quickly. The study also recommends long-term research, the adaptation of digital teaching materials, and broader teacher training to ensure the sustainability of this model across different educational contexts
ASEAN-GERMANY DIPLOMACY IN MARINE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MANADO THROUGH 3RPROMAR (PROTECTING OCEANS & REEFS) 2023-2024 Salfa Khuzaimah; Aos Yuli Firdaus; Irma Indrayani; Doddy W. Syabudin
Journal of Social Political Sciences Vol 6 No 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/jsps.v6i2.270

Abstract

Plastic waste pollution has emerged as a critical transboundary environmental issue, posing significant threats to marine biodiversity, coastal communities, and ecosystem services. This study investigates the role of environmental diplomacy in addressing marine plastic waste through the 3RProMar (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle – Protect the Marine Environment and Coral Reefs) Project implemented in Manado, Indonesia, during the period 2023–2024. Manado was strategically chosen due to its high vulnerability to plastic leakage into the marine environment and the surrounding coral reef systems. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of multilateral cooperation in mitigating marine plastic pollution by examining the implementation of 3RProMar, a collaborative initiative involving the Government of Indonesia, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Employing a qualitative research design, data were collected through content analysis of project documentation, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, and an extensive review of relevant literature. The study identifies key challenges, including inadequate waste management infrastructure and limited public awareness. However, the findings indicate that the project has achieved significant progress through the integration of technological innovation, community education programs, infrastructure development, and capacity building. Notably, the initiative has contributed to a reported annual reduction of plastic waste by approximately 30% in the target area, alongside increased public engagement in sustainable waste practices. The research concludes that environmental diplomacy, when operationalized through inclusive, multistakeholder cooperation and context-specific interventions, can serve as an effective instrument for addressing marine pollution and promoting sustainable development in coastal regions.
ANALYSIS OF THE POLY-GCL ETHIOPIA CONTRACT DISPUTE: A CASE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LEGAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION Erisa Amangku; Irma Indrayani
Journal of Social Political Sciences Vol 7 No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/jsps.v7i1.347

Abstract

This study analyzes the contract dispute between the Ethiopian government and POLY-GCL Petroleum Group Holdings Limited from the perspective of international business law and investment arbitration. The conflict originated from POLY-GCL’s systematic failure to fulfill its obligations under the Production Sharing Agreements (PSAs) signed in 2013, including repeated financial defaults (such as unpaid annual contributions exceeding USD 1.7 million and failure to register 30% equity capital by the June 2022 deadline), operational delays in developing the Calub and Hilala gas fields in the Ogaden Basin, and inadequate social and environmental compliance that triggered health concerns in local communities. These breaches prompted multiple formal notices from Ethiopian authorities, culminating in the contract termination in September 2022 due to the company’s financial and organizational inability (Endale, 2024; Maasho, 2015). Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, this research examines the root causes of the dispute, the application of core principles such as pacta sunt servanda and good faith, and the effectiveness of the multi-tiered dispute resolution mechanisms involving bilateral negotiations, ICC mediation, and ICSID arbitration. The case illustrates the tension between Ethiopia’s sovereign right to regulate its energy sector for sustainable development and the protection of foreign investors’ legitimate expectations amid evolving regulations, including the 2021 Arbitration Proclamation No. 1237/2021. Findings highlight the importance of stabilization clauses, stakeholder consultation, and thorough risk assessment in long-term energy contracts, offering valuable lessons for balancing investor protection with national developmental priorities in developing countries
Co-Authors Aos Yuli Firdaus Doddy W. Syabudin Erisa Amangku Iskandarsyah Siregar Muhammad Hasan Abdillah Sabzali Musa Kahn Salfa Khuzaimah