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Determinants Affecting Dividend Policy: A Study on A Sample of Companies Listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange Khalid Khider
Journal of Macroeconomics and Social Development Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jmsd.v3i3.1105

Abstract

The study aimed to diagnose and examine the main determinants of the dividend policy, while providing an integrated comprehensive picture of the intellectual and theoretical frameworks that framed the mechanisms of direct and indirect influence that can be exercised by those determinants, which varied between financial, economic, political and institutional variables in the interpretation of dividend payments, complemented by an empirical quantitative analysis in which  the Generalized Method of Moment  (GMM)  based on balanced double data  was employedPanel Data Balance for a number of business companies listed on the financial markets of the Republic of Iraq, for the period  (2010-2020). The study found  the diversity of the determinants of dividend policies in terms   of profitability, liquidity, growth, and leverage, as well as the variation of their impact from one model  of dividend policy to another. On the other hand, the study confirmed the unification of the trend of impact in terms of being positive for the variable of profitability, liquidity and growth versus  the negative impact of the leverage variable in dividend policies In the sample companies of the study.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence In Enhancing Financial Decisions Khalid Khider
Journal of Environmental Economics and Sustainability Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jees.v3i2.1110

Abstract

The current research aims toanalyses the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing financial decisions, the increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the financial sector has revolutionized decision-making processes, offering unprecedented precision, speed, and efficiency. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of AI's applications in financial decision-making, exploring its benefits and challenges. This study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, reviewing literature and previous studies related to artificial intelligence applications in the financial field. It also analyzed applied models for using machine learning algorithms in financial market forecasting and risk assessment. Furthermore, available data on the performance of AI-based systems compared to traditional financial decision-making methods were analyzed. This study explores the transformative role of AI in financial decision-making, highlighting its impact on investment strategies, risk management, and financial forecasting. AI-powered algorithms, such as machine learning and deep learning models, have enabled financial institutions to analyze vast amounts of data in real time, providing insights that were previously unattainable. These technologies facilitate enhanced predictive analytics, enabling more informed investment decisions, portfolio optimization, and asset management. The study results showed that using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies significantly improves the accuracy of financial forecasts, reduces risk levels, and accelerates decision-making by analyzing large amounts of data in a short time. The results also indicated that relying on intelligent systems helps institutions uncover hidden financial patterns, improve portfolio management, and enhance the efficiency of financial planning. However, the study pointed to some challenges associated with implementing AI, such as the need for advanced technological infrastructure and ensuring data protection.