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Ecophysiological Adaptation and Leaf Micromorphology of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Supporting Plant Resilience within Tropical Ecosystems Adinda Nurfatimah Azzahra; Dewi Sartika Amboupe
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i2.6373

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a pioneer species in tropical ecosystem succession, known for its ability to persist under various environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the internal leaf architecture of Noni to elucidate its ecophysiological adaptation strategies. Leaf samples were collected from multiple individuals and examined using transparent nail polish impression techniques and microscopic observations. The analysis focused on epidermal characteristics, stomatal density, and mesophyll organization. Quantitative results showed that stomata were exclusively distributed on the abaxial surface, confirming a hypostomatic pattern, with a mean stomatal density of 245 ± 32 stomata/mm². The stomata were identified as anomocytic type. Epidermal observations revealed the presence of non-glandular trichomes, suggesting a primarily physical protective function. Anatomically, the mesophyll exhibited a dorsiventral structure, with a two-layered palisade tissue contributing approximately 45.8% of total mesophyll thickness, indicating adaptation to high light intensity. The spongy tissue with large ellular spaces facilitates efficient gas exchange. Overall, these findings indicate that the leaf anatomical traits of M. citrifolia reflect potential structural adaptations to environmental conditions such as high irradiance and water limitation. However, further comparative and physiological studies are required to confirm the ecological significance of these traits in enhancing plant resilience across diverse habitats

In Vitro Conservation and Metabolite Profiling of Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.): Hormonal Effects on Callus and Volatile Oil Preservation Dewi Sartika Amboupe; Jamilatus Sa’diyah; Sri Ayu Anggita
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i1.6359

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a significant tropical bioresource known for its essential oil, which possesses high ethnobiological and economic value but cannot yet be synthetically produced. This study aims to establish an in vitro conservation framework and evaluate the preservation of secondary metabolites (volatile oil) within callus cultures. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with various combinations of 2,4-D and BAP: 1 ppm BAP (W1), 1 ppm BAP + 1 ppm 2,4-D (W2), 1 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D (W3), 2 ppm BAP + 1 ppm 2,4-D (W4), and 2 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D (W5). The results indicated that W1 (1 ppm BAP without 2,4-D) was the most effective treatment for sustainable biomass production, achieving a 75% growth rate, the fastest induction time (6 days), and the highest fresh weight (0.1364 g). Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) profiling confirmed that the in vitro callus successfully preserved volatile oil components identical to the mother plant, as evidenced by purple spots at Rf values of 0.75 and 0.95. Although alkaloids and flavonoids were not detected due to the cellular dedifferentiation phase, the consistent presence of volatile oils demonstrates the potential of in vitro systems for the conservation and sustainable management of tropical aromatic plant metabolites.

Studi Taksonomi Pogostemon spp. (Lamiaceae) Asal Pulau Sulawesi: Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Dokumentasi Biodiversitas Dewi Sartika Amboupe; Jamilatus Sa’diyah
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i1.6360

Sulawesi Island is a key area of the Wallacea region, known for its high level of plant endemism, including the genus Pogostemon. A comprehensive taxonomic study is essential to document the biodiversity and provide accurate identification for tropical resource management. This study aims to examine the taxonomic characters of Pogostemon spp. collected from Sulawesi and deposited at Herbarium Bogoriense (BO). Using a descriptive method based on morphological characteristics of 13 collection numbers, the study analyzed vegetative and reproductive structures. The results identified two distinct species: Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. and Pogostemon auricularius Hassk. These species are clearly distinguished by the shape of the leaf blade, calyx structure, and the type of indumentum present on the stem, leaf, and flower surfaces. This taxonomic study contributes to the baseline data of Lamiaceae in Sulawesi, supporting further research in plant ecology and conservation of tropical flora

Ecophysiological Adaptation and Leaf Micromorphology of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Supporting Plant Resilience within Tropical Ecosystems Adinda Nurfatimah Azzahra; Dewi Sartika Amboupe
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i2.6373

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a pioneer species in tropical ecosystem succession, known for its ability to persist under various environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the internal leaf architecture of Noni to elucidate its ecophysiological adaptation strategies. Leaf samples were collected from multiple individuals and examined using transparent nail polish impression techniques and microscopic observations. The analysis focused on epidermal characteristics, stomatal density, and mesophyll organization. Quantitative results showed that stomata were exclusively distributed on the abaxial surface, confirming a hypostomatic pattern, with a mean stomatal density of 245 ± 32 stomata/mm². The stomata were identified as anomocytic type. Epidermal observations revealed the presence of non-glandular trichomes, suggesting a primarily physical protective function. Anatomically, the mesophyll exhibited a dorsiventral structure, with a two-layered palisade tissue contributing approximately 45.8% of total mesophyll thickness, indicating adaptation to high light intensity. The spongy tissue with large ellular spaces facilitates efficient gas exchange. Overall, these findings indicate that the leaf anatomical traits of M. citrifolia reflect potential structural adaptations to environmental conditions such as high irradiance and water limitation. However, further comparative and physiological studies are required to confirm the ecological significance of these traits in enhancing plant resilience across diverse habitats

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