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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Sarah O. Alsawmhi
Seiyun University
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Infection Prevention and Control Among Health Staff at Seiyun General Hospital Authority Sarah O. Alsawmhi; Anwar S. Alhussan; Hassan Pyar; Taher I. Bin Sumait
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.799-806

Abstract

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are continuously exposed to pathogenic microorganisms, which can lead to serious infections. Infection prevention and control (IPC) relies heavily on HCWs’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). This study aimed to assess KAP towards IPC among health staff at Seiyun General Hospital Authority, Yemen, during 2023–2024. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 106 participants. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Among participants, 60.6% held a diploma, 62.5% were male, 37.5% were nurses, and 33.7% had 1–5 years of experience. Regarding knowledge, 91.3% reported understanding IPC, and 76.9% acknowledged the role of sterilization. In terms of attitude, 60% strongly agreed that handwashing reduces infections. As for practices, 90.4% washed their hands before patient care, and 76% educated patients about IPC. Significant associations were found between KAP levels and education, age, gender, job category, and experience. Occupational category and work experience influenced KAP levels, while education, age, and gender showed limited impact.
Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis Among Women of Reproductive Age in Mukalla City, Yemen: A Comparative Study of Rapid Cassette Test and Cobas e411 Hassan Pyar; Anwar Salem Al-Hussein; Amani A. Bin Nasser; Ahmed Bawazir; Noura Bawazir; Sarah O. Alsawmhi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.983-991

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that affects a wide range of mammals, including humans, which serve as intermediate hosts. This cross-sectional study enrolled 85 women during its initial stage. The second stage was the laboratory investigation that included the Cassette and Cobas e 411 tests. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii in the study area was 58.82%. The seropositivity of anti-Toxoplasma IgG (58.82%) was higher than that of anti-toxoplasma IgM (1.18%) by the Cobas test, whereas IgG-positive and IgM-positive cases accounted for 55.29% and 4.71%, respectively, by the Cassette test. This suggests that T. gondii IgG antibodies in women are a reflection of chronic or past infection, while IgM reflects recent and acute T. gondii infection. The highest seropositive rate (70%) was recorded in the age group 33-38. The low sero-positive rate (54.55%) was recorded in the age group 21-26. The present study revealed that 50 % statistic in the abortion results. The results show that women with one previous abortion had a high (53.85%) seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies. Higher sero-positive toxoplasmosis was recorded among women from Al-Deas zones (68.75%), revealing that the rate of infection among low-level women was high (75%). The ownership of animals in relation to the infection was studied. The highest seropositive rate was recorded among women who kept sheep and goats (71.43%), compared to 50% for cat owners, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). In conclusion, toxoplasmosis is a major public health issue among the studied population in Yemen. The Cobas e411 system offers superior sensitivity over the cassette method for antibody detection. Community-wide educational programs emphasizing hygienic animal handling are recommended, alongside the adoption of highly accurate testing protocols to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Co-Authors Ahmed Bawazir Amani A. Bin Nasser Anwar S. Alhussan Anwar Salem Al-Hussein Hassan Pyar Noura Bawazir Taher I. Bin Sumait