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Olayombo Margaret Banwo
Abiola Ajimobi Technical University, Ibadan
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Proximate Analysis and Chemical Constituents of Psychotria latistipula Benth. (Rubiaceae) Leaves Samuel Akinniyi Odewo; Olayombo Margaret Banwo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.655-662

Abstract

Psychotria latistipula Benth. (Rubiaceae), a traditional Nigerian medicinal plant recognised for its effectiveness in treating cancer, tumours, bronchial and gastrointestinal disorders was investigated for its chemical constituents by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) technique; also, proximate analysis was done to determine the composition of moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, fat, carbohydrate, and ash contents, which had not been previously reported. P. latistipula leaves were extracted by maceration using acetone and hexane (1:1). The proximate analysis indicated that the leaves of P. latistipula contain moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, fat, carbohydrate, and ash contents of 8.91±0.14, 12.43±0.05, 20.78±0.66, 2.28±0.06, 50.34±0.79, and 5.27±0.16%, respectively, demonstrating a notably high carbohydrate content. The GC-MS identified twenty-eight compounds, making up 93.08% of the total. The dominant classes of these compounds included fatty acid esters, saturated fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters, and unsaturated fatty acid aldehydes accounting for 19.27%, 18.71%, 13.77% and 13.36% of the total, respectively. Octadecanoic acid (14.03%) was the major compound in P. latistipula leaves acetone-hexane extract. Notably, Octadecanoic acid is known for its potential anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant properties, which indicates P. latistipula could serve as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer agents further justifying its ethnomedicinal use.
Nutritional, Phytochemical and Biological Profile of Pavetta corymbosa (Rubiaceae) Samuel Akinniyi Odewo; Olayombo Margaret Banwo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.152.1863-1872

Abstract

P. corymbosa is traditionally known for its effectiveness in combating microbes, healing wounds, reducing fever, and treating respiratory disorders. This study investigated the bioactive constituents of P. corymbosa leaf hexane-acetone (PLHA) extract and assessed its nutritional and biological potentials. Proximate compositions were determined using standard methods. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify and characterise the bioactive compounds present. FRAP and DPPH radical scavenging assays were employed for antioxidant activity. Brine shrimps lethality test using Artemia salina was utilised for cytotoxicity determination. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using agar well diffusion and broth micro-dilution techniques. Proximate analysis revealed that PLHA extract contains moisture, crude protein, crude fibre, fat, carbohydrate, and ash contents of 7.98±0.17, 13.13±0.05, 19.28±0.37, 2.46±0.06, 45.96±0.22, and 11.12±0.14%, respectively. The major constituents were Ethanone, 1-cyclopentyl- (28.23%); Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (21.08%); and n-Hexadecanoic acid (10.43%). PLHA extract (194.7346±0.575 µg/mL) had potent antioxidant activity comparable with ascorbic acid (137.6409±0.378 µg/mL). PLHA extract was active against S. aureus, K. pneumonia, C. albicans and A. salina. This study suggests that P. corymbosa is rich in bioactive compounds with nutritional benefits, and revealed promising antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potentials which can be leveraged for health-promoting applications.
Co-Authors Samuel Akinniyi Odewo