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All Journal African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Anidobu R. J
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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In Vitro Evaluation of Water and Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Moringa Oleifera Azadirachta Indica and Carica Payaya Against the Growth of Postharvest Fungal Pathogens of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) Amadioha A. C; Anidobu R. J
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3548

Abstract

Fungi are primary infectious agents of agricultural products that cause significant economic losses of stored food products in Nigeria. Natural plant materials as alternative to synthetic pesticides are eco-friendly, readily available, biodegradable and cost effective. Pathogenicity test of fungal isolates from infected pineapple showed Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani as pathogenic organisms causing postharvest deterioration of pineapple fruits. The in vitro evaluation of water and ethanol leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Carica payaya (pawpaw) was carried out to determine the antimicrobial potential of the plant extracts against the spore germination and mycelial radial growth of R. stolonifer, A. niger and F. solani causing rot disease of pineapple in storage. The ethanol and water leaf extracts of A. indica, M. oleifera and C. papaya evaluated as antifungal agents against the three pathogenic fungi in vitro exhibited varying levels of fungitoxicity on the spore germination and mycelia radial growth of the pathogens in culture. The inhibition of spore germination of the pathogens was in a dose dependent manner with 100 % concentration of Neem leaf extract being more potent in inhibiting the spore germination of the pathogens followed by pawpaw and Moringa leaf extracts. The effect of the plant extracts on the mycelia radial growth inhibition of the pathogenic organisms in culture was also concentration dependent with the extracts being more effective from 40% concentration across the test plant materials. However, ethanol leaf extracts were more effective than water extracts in inhibiting the spore germination and mycelia radial growth of the pathogenic organisms in culture indicating that the solvent of extraction affected the fungitoxic activities of extracts of the plant materials with ethanol extracting more active compounds than water as extracting solvent. The antifungal potentials of the test plant materials could be exploited as biopesticide of plant origin in the control of postharvest microbial deterioration of pineapple and sustain the nutritional and market values.
Control of Post Harvest Fungal Deterioration of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) Using Extracts of Plant Origin in Nigeria Amadioha A. C; Anidobu R. J
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3598

Abstract

Post-harvest fungal deterioration of pineapple is the most important challenge in pineapple production value chain causing losses in both nutrient and market values. This research was undertaken to identify the fungal pathogens causing rot of pineapple fruits in storage and their control using the water and ethanol leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Carica payaya (pawpaw). Pathogenicity test of fungal isolates from infected pineapple fruit indicated Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani as major pathogenic organisms causing storage rot of pineapple fruits. A. niger had the highest frequency of occurrence and most virulent recording the highest disease incidence and severity followed by R. solonfer and F. solani. The effects of both aqueous and ethanol extracts of the plant materials on rot development and spread in pineapple fruits by the pathogens showed that pineapple fruits sprayed with the plant extracts before inoculation of the pathogens recorded less disease incidence than those fruits spray-inoculated with pathogen before application of plant extracts suggesting that the extracts are better used as protectant before infection and development of disease. The ethanol leaf extracts were more effective than water extracts in reducing the disease incidence and severity of the pathogenic organisms in pineapple indicating that the solvent of extraction affected the antimicrobial activities of the test plant materials with ethanol extracting more active compounds than water as extracting solvent. The extracts of A. indica were most potent in the reduction of rot development and spread in pineapple indicating that the extracts contained more anti-fungal properties that affected the growth of the pathogenic organisms in vivo followed by extracts of C. papaya and M. oleifera. Extracts of these plant materials could therefore be exploited as pesticides of plant origin in the control of postharvest microbial deterioration of pineapple fruits and increase food production.
Control of Post Harvest Fungal Deterioration of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) Using Extracts of Plant Origin in Nigeria Amadioha A. C; Anidobu R. J
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v1i1.3835

Abstract

Post-harvest fungal deterioration of pineapple is the most important challenge in pineapple production value chain causing losses in both nutrient and market values. This research was undertaken to identify the fungal pathogens causing rot of pineapple fruits in storage and their control using the water and ethanol leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Carica payaya (pawpaw). Pathogenicity test of fungal isolates from infected pineapple fruit indicated Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani as major pathogenic organisms causing storage rot of pineapple fruits. A. niger had the highest frequency of occurrence and most virulent recording the highest disease incidence and severity followed by R. solonfer and F. solani. The effects of both aqueous and ethanol extracts of the plant materials on rot development and spread in pineapple fruits by the pathogens showed that pineapple fruits sprayed with the plant extracts before inoculation of the pathogens recorded less disease incidence than those fruits spray-inoculated with pathogen before application of plant extracts suggesting that the extracts are better used as protectant before infection and development of disease. The ethanol leaf extracts were more effective than water extracts in reducing the disease incidence and severity of the pathogenic organisms in pineapple indicating that the solvent of extraction affected the antimicrobial activities of the test plant materials with ethanol extracting more active compounds than water as extracting solvent. The extracts of A. indica were most potent in the reduction of rot development and spread in pineapple indicating that the extracts contained more anti-fungal properties that affected the growth of the pathogenic organisms in vivo followed by extracts of C. papaya and M. oleifera. Extracts of these plant materials could therefore be exploited as pesticides of plant origin in the control of postharvest microbial deterioration of pineapple fruits and increase food production.
In Vitro Evaluation of Water and Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Moringa Oleifera Azadirachta Indica and Carica Payaya Against the Growth of Postharvest Fungal Pathogens of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) Amadioha A. C; Anidobu R. J
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v1i1.3837

Abstract

Fungi are primary infectious agents of agricultural products that cause significant economic losses of stored food products in Nigeria. Natural plant materials as alternative to synthetic pesticides are eco-friendly, readily available, biodegradable and cost effective. Pathogenicity test of fungal isolates from infected pineapple showed Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani as pathogenic organisms causing postharvest deterioration of pineapple fruits. The in vitro evaluation of water and ethanol leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Carica payaya (pawpaw) was carried out to determine the antimicrobial potential of the plant extracts against the spore germination and mycelial radial growth of R. stolonifer, A. niger and F. solani causing rot disease of pineapple in storage. The ethanol and water leaf extracts of A. indica, M. oleifera and C. papaya evaluated as antifungal agents against the three pathogenic fungi in vitro exhibited varying levels of fungitoxicity on the spore germination and mycelia radial growth of the pathogens in culture. The inhibition of spore germination of the pathogens was in a dose dependent manner with 100 % concentration of Neem leaf extract being more potent in inhibiting the spore germination of the pathogens followed by pawpaw and Moringa leaf extracts. The effect of the plant extracts on the mycelia radial growth inhibition of the pathogenic organisms in culture was also concentration dependent with the extracts being more effective from 40% concentration across the test plant materials. However, ethanol leaf extracts were more effective than water extracts in inhibiting the spore germination and mycelia radial growth of the pathogenic organisms in culture indicating that the solvent of extraction affected the fungitoxic activities of extracts of the plant materials with ethanol extracting more active compounds than water as extracting solvent. The antifungal potentials of the test plant materials could be exploited as biopesticide of plant origin in the control of postharvest microbial deterioration of pineapple and sustain the nutritional and market values.
Co-Authors Amadioha A. C