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Diversity and Medical Care Implication of Scorpions in Hong Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria Fami E. Pakka; Ataitiya Wilson; Chidama I. Mohammed; Dahiru Ahmadu
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 2 No 1 (2025): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v2i1.4766

Abstract

A research study on Diversity and Medical Care Implication of Scorpions in Hong Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria was carried out to determine the habitat characterization of scorpions,the diversity and abundance as well as the seasonal variation and distributions of scorpion in the area under study. Despite the notoriety of scorpions envenomation, worldwide distribution, medical, ecological and conservation importance, many families and genera of scorpions are yet to be studied. In this research, effort was intensified toward identifying species diversity in the study area. The local government was divided into two zones, the northern and the southern zone. Three localities were selected from the northern zone which were Garaha, Mijili and Kwarhi and three localities were selected from the southern zone which were Kram-Hong, Dzumah and Pella in which three study sites were chosen for the collection of scorpion; the Hills Farm Land and Residential Areas. A total of four hundred and five scorpions (405) scorpions were collected across the localities. Mijili gas thes highest abundance of scorpions with 48.15% of the specimen, while Kram-Hong shows the least abundance with 2.72%. in term of species abundance ,Hottentotta hottentotta was found to more abundant with 54.54% while the least was Pandinus imperator with 1.23%. with the respect to seasonal variation, results showed that scorpions are more available during raining season with 83.44% while dry season has the lowest abundance with 15.56%. with regard to monthly distribution, september has the highest distribution with 23.21% while January has the lowest distribution with 7.16%. The result of scorpions abundance based on the study sites shows that Hills has highest abundance with 46.17% compared with the collection of scorpions from the residential area with 23.70%. data on relative abundance of scorpions from micro habitat revealed that scorpions collected from bark of trees, under stones and pilled blocks shows highly significance difference with P <0.05 over that from garbage, crevice and gravels with lowest abundance of scorpions. In conclusion, the entire scorpions obtained were identified as indigenous species with the exception of Androctonus bicolor. Hottentotta hottentotta remains the widely distributed species found under stones, between bark of dry trees and between pilled blicks. Therefore, frequent identification and inventory of available species of scorpions and the study of this period of high occurrence would provide baseline data for risk reduction of scorpion envenomation and entomorphobia of dangerous and congeneric species.
Soil Transmitted Helminths and Schistosomiasis in Adamawa Northern Senatorial District, Nigeria Yaro Mathew; Ataitiya Wilson; Mubarak Abdullahi; Ali Saidu
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v2i2.5328

Abstract

Helminthiasis is a parasitic infection known to infect low-income population group and people with poor personal hygiene worldwide. Helminths (Worms) such as roundworm, hookworm, whipworm and the flat worms (schistosome) are among others that causes heminthiasis. Infections with these worms results to mild, chronic and severe illness especially in an endemic area. This study reports the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis in Adamawa Northern Senatorial District that are made up of five Local Areas namely, Maiha, Mubi North, Mubi South, Michika and Madagali Local Government Areas out of which two communities where sampled from each LGA. Normal saline direct wet preparation, formol-ether concentration and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques were used to analyze stool samples. Centrifugation and filtration technique were used for urine analysis, Out of 2,808 stool and urine samples examined from 1,404 participants, an overall prevalence of 565 (40.2%) were recorded. Out of these, soil-transmitted Helminthiasis account for 239 (17.0%) while Schistosomiasis infections was 326 (23.2%) respectively. The highest prevalence of Soil-transmitted helminthiasis by community was recorded in Bororo (23.6%) and lowest in Pakka (12.5%) communities. While highest and lowest prevalence of Schistosomiasis were observed in Pakka and Kuda with 30.0% and 15.7% respectively and there was statistical significant difference (p<0.05) between the two infections. The study further revealed that farmers (27.1%) had highest infection with STH while students (38.2%) had more infections with Schistosomiasis and there was no significant statistical differences at (p>0.05). Differences were observed between STHs and Schistosomiasis in relation to occupation. The distribution of each parasite during the study also revealed that, high prevalence (18.5%) of S. haematobium was recorded while Strongyloide stercoralis had the lowest prevalence (2.9%) with significant differences at (P<0.05). Total co-infection of 5.2% was also recorded for STHs and Schistosomiasis. Similarly, analysis of stool sample using PCR further revealed the presence of A. lumbricoides, Hookworms and T. trichiura. Therefore, the findings has reveal the presence of helminthiasis to high among low income participants in the study area.