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All Journal African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Diowato Titus
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Comparative Study of the Effect of Locally Made Beer (Burukutu and Pito) and Star Lager Beer on Liver Function Parameters Maryam Usman Ahmed; Lumayu Alexander Wahedi; Ayinla Abayomi Abdulfatai; Diowato Titus; Kamaludden Aliyu
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.6144

Abstract

Alcohol consumption has a long history in human existence and is implicated as one of the major risk factors in the development of liver diseases. The comparative impact of locally made (burukutu and pito) sorghum-based beer and Star Larger beer on the liver biomarkers of albino rats was investigated. 35 albino rats were grouped into 7 groups of 5 rats each. Group one served as the control group and received only distilled water. Group 2 and 3 received 10 and 20 mL/kg b.wt of pito, groups 4 and 5 received 10 and 200 mL/kg b,wt of burukutu, while group 6 and 7 received 10 and 20 mL/kg of Star Larger beers, respectively, for 21 days after which the liver function parameters were assessed. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in albumin level of the treatment groups when compared with the control group. Bilirubin and ALP showed no significant difference (p<0.05) from the control group. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) in ALT levels of burukutu and Start Larger when compared with the control group, however, the groups treated with pito showed a significant increase (p<0.05) when compared with the control group. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in all the treatment groups when compared with the control group, where group 3, which was treated with the higher dose of pito (20 mL/kg b.wt.) had the highest significant increase(p<0.05). albumin levels of the treatment groups showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) when compared with the control group. The three beers compared are toxic to the liver, with pito having the greatest toxicity.
Biochemical Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Detarium microcarpum in Wistar Rats Maryam Usman Ahmed; Domasun Isreal; Diowato Titus; Abdulfatai Abayomi Ayinla; Kamaludden Aliyu; Idongesit Etuk
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v2i3.6146

Abstract

Herbal remedies have been used since ancient times, often sourced from local traditional healers. However, many of these preparations are administered without thorough scientific evaluation. This study aimed to assess the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Detarium microcarpum on liver and kidney function in Wistar rats. A total of 25 male rats were randomly assigned to five groups of five animals each. Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 received oral doses of 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract, respectively, for 21 consecutive days. Group 1, serving as the control, received only normal saline. Liver function was evaluated by measuring serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, and albumin. All liver parameters exhibited a significant dose-dependent increase (p<0.05) in the treatment groups compared to the control, indicating hepatotoxic effects. Similarly, kidney function parameters, including bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻), chloride (Cl⁻), sodium (Na⁺), and potassium (K⁺), also showed a significant dose-dependent increase. Conversely, levels of urea and creatinine significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the extract-treated groups relative to the control. The findings suggest that the aqueous leaf extract of D. microcarpum adversely affects liver and kidney function in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, despite its traditional use, the extract should be considered potentially toxic and used with caution.
Co-Authors Abdulfatai Abayomi Ayinla Ayinla Abayomi Abdulfatai Domasun Isreal Idongesit Etuk Kamaludden Aliyu Lumayu Alexander Wahedi Maryam Usman Ahmed