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All Journal Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Abdulrasheed M. H
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Assessment of Malaria Parasite Intensity in Mono-Infected and Typhoid Co-Infected Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Wukari, Taraba State John-Zakka U. E; Agere H. I. J; Amos T. J; Ogunmola A.O; Abdulrasheed M. H; Yafriyau E. P
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i1.8793

Abstract

This study compared malaria parasite intensity in mono-infection and in co-infection with typhoid among febrile patients attending selected health facilities in Wukari. A total of 418 patients were enrolled based on clinical diagnosis of febrile illness, and from each patient blood and stool samples were collected for blood film examination and stool culture, respectively. Overall, 75.3% of malaria-positive cases had low parasite intensity, whereas 24.7% had higher parasite density, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Among the 83 patients with malaria mono-infection, low-intensity (+) parasitemia was more frequent than high-intensity parasitemia. By contrast, in malaria–typhoid co-infection, 68.9% of patients with Salmonella co-infection had high malaria parasite intensity and 31.1% had low intensity, with an overall p value < 0.011. The odds ratio of 6.766 indicates that individuals with high malaria intensity have approximately sevenfold higher odds of developing typhoid fever compared with those with low malaria intensity. These results suggest that elevated malaria parasite density in co-infected patients is associated with a greater risk of typhoid and indicate that healthcare providers should maintain heightened vigilance for severe malaria presentations in patients with concurrent typhoid infection. The findings further underscore the need for comprehensive control programs targeting mosquito breeding sites and public education on improved sanitation to reduce the burden of malaria and typhoid co-infection.
Demographic, Environmental and Clinical Correlates of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Centers in Demsa Local Government Area of Adamawa State Mijah A. K; Jerry J. T; Solomon A; Abdulrasheed M. H; Agere H. I. J.
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 3 No 1 (2026): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v3i1.8021

Abstract

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remain a major public health problem in Nigeria, particularly in rural communities where sanitation and access to clean water are limited. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of IPIs among patients attending primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Demsa Local Government Area (LGA), Adamawa State. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, and stool and blood samples were collected from 398 participants using systematic random sampling. Parasitological analysis was conducted using the formol-ether concentration technique, and data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 37.4%, with Ascaris lumbricoides (14.9%) and hookworm (11.1%) being the most common parasites. Infection prevalence was significantly associated with age (p = 0.04), occupation (p = 0.02), open defecation (p = 0.001), living near stagnant water (p = 0.005), and lack of regular deworming (p < 0.001), with children aged 11–15 years and individuals using river water sources being particularly vulnerable. Attendance at health education programs was associated with lower infection rates (p = 0.006). The findings emphasize the persistence of IPIs in Demsa LGA, driven by poor sanitation, unsafe water use, and inadequate hygiene practices, and support the need for strengthened community health education, regular deworming, improved sanitation infrastructure, and safe water access to reduce the disease burden and enhance rural health outcomes.
Co-Authors Agere H. I. J Agere H. I. J. Amos T. J Jerry J. T John-Zakka U. E Mijah A. K Ogunmola A.O Solomon A Yafriyau E. P