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Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis Among Female Patients Attending Some Medical Facilities in Parts of Southern Taraba State, North East Nigeria Brown Samuel Tamuno Cockeye; Agwaranze Dawn Ify; Yusuf Precious Wama; James Samuel Pelentovun
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 2 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i2.9475

Abstract

Trichomoniasis, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, remains one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections and poses a substantial public health burden, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection and identify its associated risk factors among female patients attending health facilities in Wukari, Ibi, and Donga Local Government Areas of Southern Taraba State, Nigeria. A hospital-based cross-sectional design was employed involving 522 female patients aged 18–59 years. High vaginal swab samples were collected and examined microscopically using wet mount preparation, while demographic, behavioural, and awareness-related data were obtained through structured questionnaires. The overall prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was 4.4%, with substantial variation across locations, being highest in Donga (9.2%), followed by Ibi (2.9%) and Wukari (1.1%). Infection was more frequently observed among women aged 30–41 years, widowed individuals, and those without formal education; however, these demographic variables were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). In contrast, behavioural factors, particularly multiple sexual partnerships and inconsistent condom use, showed significant associations with infection. Awareness of sexually transmitted infections and T. vaginalis was generally low and was not significantly associated with infection risk (P > 0.05). The study concludes that behavioural factors are the principal drivers of T. vaginalis transmission in this population. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that integrate health education, safer sexual behaviour promotion, and improved access to screening services to reduce the burden of trichomoniasis in the region.
Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Selected Uropathogenic Bacteria from Female Patients Attending Hospitals in Parts of Southern Taraba, Nigeria Brown Samuel Tamuno Cockeye; Agwaranze Dawn Ify; James Samuel Pelentovun; Yusuf Precious Wama
African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajcmpr.v3i2.9352

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a major public health concern among women because of their high prevalence, recurrent occurrence, and rising antimicrobial resistance. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence, molecular characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and associated risk factors of uropathogenic bacteria among 300 female patients aged 15–55 years in Wukari, Donga, and Ibi Local Government Areas of Southern Taraba. Midstream urine samples were collected and analyzed using standard microbiological procedures. Phenotypic identification was performed for all isolates, while molecular characterization using 16S rRNA gene sequencing was limited to Staphylococcus aureus (1%) and the opportunistic pathogens Brucella intermedia and Alcaligenes faecalis (0.3% each) because of the unusual phenotypic characteristics of the primary isolates. The prevalence of culture-positive UTIs was 13.6%, with Escherichia coli (6.3%) identified as the predominant pathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (3%) and Proteus spp. (2.3%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed high resistance among Gram-negative isolates to ampicillin, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin, while 12.6% of isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). Socio-demographic variables, including age, educational level, occupation, and residence, were significantly associated with UTIs (p < 0.05), whereas marital status and religion were not (p > 0.05). Sexual activity emerged as a significant behavioral risk factor, and the type of medication used, improper antibiotic use, and international travel were significantly associated with antibiotic resistance (p < 0.05). Clinically, hematuria and urinary pain or burning sensation were significantly associated with infection (p < 0.05). The study concludes that UTIs and multidrug-resistant uropathogens constitute an important health burden in this population. These findings contribute context-specific evidence on pathogen distribution, resistance patterns, and risk factors, and underscore the need for continuous surveillance, targeted health education, improved hygiene practices, and rational antibiotic stewardship.