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Effectiveness of health belief model-based prenatal education on anemia prevention behaviors among pregnant women: A systematic review Febriana Soares De Araujo; Herry Susanto; Sri Wahyuni
Lentera Perawat Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April - June
Publisher : School of Health Sciences Al-Ma'arif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52235/lp.v7i2.716

Background: Anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health concern because it contributes to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and is strongly influenced by modifiable health behaviors. Prenatal education grounded in behavioral theory has gained increasing attention as a strategy to improve preventive practices, particularly in primary care and community settings. The Health Belief Model offers a relevant framework because it addresses women’s perceptions of risk, benefits, barriers, and cues to action related to anemia prevention. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Health Belief Model-based prenatal education on anemia prevention behaviors among pregnant women in community health centers and other primary care settings. Methods: This study applied a systematic review design. Literature searches were conducted across major electronic databases using combinations of terms related to the Health Belief Model, prenatal education, pregnant women, anemia, iron supplementation, hemoglobin, and primary health care. The main outcomes were hemoglobin level, anemia prevalence, iron-folic acid supplementation adherence, dietary intake, and behavioral determinants. Data were extracted using a structured form and synthesized narratively. Results: Eight studies were included in the final synthesis. The findings consistently showed that Health Belief Model-based or theory-based prenatal education improved anemia prevention behaviors and related health outcomes. The strongest effects were observed in iron-folic acid supplementation adherence, hemoglobin improvement, anemia reduction, and healthier dietary practices. Several studies also reported gains in maternal knowledge, attitudes, and selected Health Belief Model constructs, especially perceived susceptibility and cues to action. Interventions that combined counseling with educational media, reminder systems, or repeated follow-up produced more consistent benefits across settings. Conclusion: Health Belief Model-based prenatal education appears to be an effective strategy for improving anemia prevention behaviors among pregnant women in community and primary care settings. Integrating theory-based educational interventions into routine antenatal services may strengthen maternal anemia prevention and support better pregnancy outcomes.

Effectiveness of health belief model-based reproductive health education on menarche preparedness: A systematic review Sitti Nurhaisa; Sri Wahyuni; Herry Susanto
Lentera Perawat Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April - June
Publisher : School of Health Sciences Al-Ma'arif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52235/lp.v7i2.723

Background: Menarche preparedness is an important component of adolescent reproductive health because inadequate knowledge, negative perceptions, and anxiety may hinder girls’ ability to adapt to their first menstruation. Health education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) has been increasingly used to improve adolescent readiness by addressing beliefs, perceptions, and preventive behaviors related to reproductive health. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of HBM-based reproductive health education on menarche preparedness among adolescent girls. Methods: Literature searches were conducted in ProQuest, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SAGE Journals, with additional searching through grey literature and reference lists. The search covered publications from 2015 to 2025 in English and Indonesian. Eligible studies included quantitative intervention studies examining HBM-based reproductive health education in relation to menarche preparedness or closely related outcomes among adolescent girls. Data were extracted using a structured form and synthesized narratively because of heterogeneity in study design, intervention format, and outcome measures. Results: A total of 30,651 records were identified, of which 42 studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. The reviewed evidence consistently showed that HBM-based reproductive health education improved menstrual knowledge, increased positive attitudes, reduced anxiety, and enhanced emotional and behavioral readiness for menarche. Several studies also demonstrated improved menstrual hygiene practices and stronger preparedness when family support and culturally sensitive approaches were incorporated. Although the included studies varied in design and measurement, the overall direction of evidence indicated a beneficial effect of HBM-based educational interventions on adolescent girls’ preparedness for menarche. Conclusion: HBM-based reproductive health education is effective in improving adolescent girls’ preparedness for menarche across cognitive, emotional, and behavioral domains. The integration of theory-based, culturally appropriate, and family-supported educational strategies into school and community health programs may strengthen adolescent reproductive health outcomes.

Nursing interventions in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: A systematic review Jenoveva Soares; Nopi Nur Khasanah; Sri Wahyuni
Lentera Perawat Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : School of Health Sciences Al-Ma'arif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52235/lp.v7i3.805

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a major cause of preventable maternal morbidity and mortality. Nursing and midwifery interventions may contribute to risk recognition, early response, clinical monitoring, and professional preparedness; however, the available evidence is methodologically diverse. Objective: To synthesize eight eligible publications on nursing and midwifery contributions to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) prevention and early management, including primary intervention evidence and contextual or conceptual evidence, and to examine their relevance to Wiedenbach's Need for Help theory. Methods: This systematic review was reported in accordance with PRISMA 2020. PubMed, ProQuest, SAGE Journals, and ClinicalKey for Nursing were searched for English-language publications from January 2015 to December 2025. The search identified 5,397 records, 56 full-text reports were assessed, and eight publications were included: four primary intervention studies and four contextual or conceptual publications. Design-appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal criteria were used, and findings were synthesized narratively in separate evidence strata. Results: The eight included publications comprised one randomized clinical trial, one non-randomized controlled study, two one-group pretest-posttest studies, one qualitative evidence synthesis, one integrative review, one narrative review, and one conceptual paper. Primary clinical studies reported reductions in blood-loss scores or nursing risk events, while educational studies reported improved knowledge or competency. Contextual sources highlighted physiological care strategies, objective monitoring, communication, resource readiness, and barriers to timely recognition. None of the publications directly tested Wiedenbach's theory. Conclusion: Nursing and midwifery interventions show potential to strengthen PPH prevention and early management.

Nutrition-related parenting practices and child nutritional status in urban and rural settings: A systematic review Komariah Komariah; Nopi Nur Khasanah; Sri Wahyuni; Herry Susanto; Sri Tutik Rahayu
Lentera Perawat Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : School of Health Sciences Al-Ma'arif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52235/lp.v7i3.811

Background: Nutrition-related parenting practices operate within social and geographic environments that shape food availability, caregiving resources, and access to preventive services. Evidence linking these practices to child nutritional status across urban and rural settings remains fragmented and methodologically heterogeneous. Objective: To synthesize evidence on the association between nutrition-related parenting or caregiving practices and nutritional status among children aged 0–12 years, and to examine whether the association differs between urban and rural settings. Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 and the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) framework. The last search was conducted on 31 May 2026 in Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, SAGE Journals, and ClinicalKey for Nursing for English-language studies published from January 2015 to May 2026. Results: Eight cross-sectional studies involving 6,062 children or caregiver–child pairs were included; two were secondary analyses of population-based surveys. Three studies were rated low risk of bias and five moderate risk. Rural children consistently had a higher burden of stunting or underweight in comparative studies, but urban–rural differences in feeding practices did not uniformly account for this gap. Delayed complementary feeding and bottle feeding were associated with malnutrition in one Indian study. Grandparenting was associated with malnutrition in rural, but not urban, Chinese children. In other studies, feeding domains showed weak or non-significant associations after adjustment, while child illness, birth weight, maternal nutritional status, household socioeconomic conditions, and service use were more consistent correlates. Conclusion: Nutrition-related parenting practices are relevant to child nutritional status, but their effects are contingent on household resources, child health, and place of residence. The evidence does not support treating urban–rural residence or parenting practice as an isolated causal determinant.

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