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All Journal AL-IKHSAN: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studie Al-Bunyan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Qur'an and Hadith Studies
Muhammad Diaz Supandi
University of Darussalam Gontor, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Social Sciences

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Al-Ghazali’s Framework of Occasionalism in Tahafut al-Falasifah as a Critique of Contemporary Relativism Muhammad Diaz Supandi; Veli Onan; Junita Rahma Diani
AL-IKHSAN: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Development of Contemporary Islamic Studies
Publisher : Penerbit Hellow Pustaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/ikhsan.v4i1.145

Abstract

The contemporary intellectual landscape is dominated by postmodern relativism, which, by denying universal truth claims and moral values, creates a metaphysical vacuum that fragments public discourse and undermines the foundations of science, ethics, and religion. This crisis stems from a secular worldview that excludes a transcendent ground for reality. Problem: The central problem is the philosophical inadequacy of relativism and the need for a robust metaphysical foundation for objectivity. This research asks how Al-Ghazali's occasionalism can be formulated as a systematic critique of this relativism.This study employs a qualitative library research design, utilizing analytical, interpretative, and constructive methods. It involves a tripartite analysis: reconstructing Al-Ghazali's occasionalism from Tahafut al-Falasifah, deconstructing the internal contradictions of contemporary relativism, and synthesizing the two to build a coherent critique. The research demonstrates that Al-Ghazali's framework, which rejects necessary causality and posits God as the sole Efficient Cause who sustains reality through consistent habits ('adah), provides a viable metaphysical foundation for objectivity. This directly counters the self-referential paradoxes and moral vacuity of relativism by grounding universal order and truth in a Divine Consciousness. The study concludes that Al-Ghazali's occasionalism serves as a powerful metaphysical antidote to contemporary relativism. Its primary contribution is a novel synthesis that bridges classical Islamic and modern philosophy, positioning Al-Ghazali's thought as a living resource for reclaiming objectivity and escaping the postmodern labyrinth.
A Study of Al-Manṭūq wa Al-Mafhūm in QS. An-Nisā’ [4]:3 on Polygamy: An Analysis Based on the Principles of Tafsīr Muhammad Diaz Supandi; Mahmud Rifaannudin
al-Bunyan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Qur'an and Hadith Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Penerbit Hellow Pustaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/bunyan.v4i1.68

Abstract

This abstract presents a comprehensive analysis of QS. An-Nisā’ [4]:3 regarding polygamy through the framework of al-manṭūq and al-mafhūm, aiming to understand both the explicit and implicit meanings of the verse and to synthesize them into a holistic understanding that is socially and ethically relevant. The study employs a qualitative approach using library research, examining classical and contemporary tafsīr, uṣūl al-fiqh literature, and scholarly articles on polygamy and justice, through thematic analysis that situates the verse within its socio-historical context and the objectives of sharī‘ah (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah). The findings indicate that al-manṭūq provides limited permission for polygamy of up to four wives under the condition of justice, while al-mafhūm emphasizes material, emotional, and social dimensions of justice, making monogamy often the more appropriate choice, with polygamy serving as a conditional allowance in specific social circumstances, such as protection of orphans and widows. The application of the principle of al-manṭūq wa al-mafhūm demonstrates that Islamic law integrates legal certainty with ethical responsibility, emphasizing justice, welfare, and harm prevention. This study contributes to tafsīr scholarship by highlighting the importance of a holistic analysis of the verse, reducing narrow interpretations and misuse, and providing a balanced, ethical, and contextually relevant perspective on Islamic law for modern society.
Co-Authors Junita Rahma Diani Mahmud Rifaannudin Veli Onan