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Analysis Of Hybrid Relay Selection In SDR-Based Cooperative Systems Ummul Khair; Ihsan Lumasa R; Vera Veronica; Lifwarda Lifwarda; Silfia Rifka
Brilliance: Research of Artificial Intelligence Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Brilliance: Research of Artificial Intelligence, Article Research November 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Cita Cendekiawan Al Khwarizmi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/brilliance.v5i2.7135

Abstract

The cooperative communication system, involving multiple nodes that assist each other in data transmission, has been studied. In this system, the source sends information not only directly to the destination but also through an intermediate relay node. The relay receives the signal, which is then forwarded to the destination, resulting in the reception of two copies of the signal. Combining these signals results in enhanced strength and reliability. This configuration addresses signal fading issues commonly encountered in wireless communication due to reflection, scattering, and interference. The Hybrid Relay Protocol (HRP), combining Decode-and-Forward (DF) and Amplify-and-Forward (AF) methods, was implemented to improve relay efficiency and adaptability. The relay’s protocol choice depends on instantaneous Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR); if the SNR exceeds a threshold, DF is applied by decoding and forwarding a clean signal, otherwise, AF is used by amplifying and forwarding the received signal without decoding. Relay selection is optimized based on channel gains using a harmonic mean metric. MATLAB simulations demonstrated that the HRS system, with relay distances ranging from 4 to 12 meters, achieves significantly improved Bit Error Rate (BER) performance, for instance, obtaining BER as low as 0.00012 at 4 meters and ?23.5 dBm transmit power. Additionally, maximal ratio combining was employed at the destination, enhancing signal reliability. The results confirm the effectiveness of the HRS system for real-time applications on Software-Defined Radio (SDR) platforms, with potential for improving wireless network robustness under diverse channel conditions.
PENERAPAN INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) DALAM SISTEM OTOMATISASI PENGISIAN DEPOT AIR GALON Rama Sampurna; Vera Veronica; Silfia Rifka
SULIWA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Teknik, Sains, Pendidikan dan Teknologi Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): SULIWA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Teknik, Sains, Pendidikan dan Teknologi, Juli 2026
Publisher : LEMBAGA KAJIAN PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN DAN LINGKUNGAN (LKPPL)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62671/suliwa.v3i2.236

Abstract

Manually filling gallons of water causes many problems, such as volume inaccuracy, waste, and suboptimal water quality monitoring. This research aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based gallon water filling automation system using an ESP32 microcontroller and a flow meter sensor for accurate water volume measurement and real-time monitoring via a web dashboard and WhatsApp notifications. The methods used include literature review, hardware and software design, and comprehensive system testing. This system integrates RFID-based user authentication, automatic pump and solenoid valve control, transaction data recording in a MySQL database, and automatic user notifications. Test results show that the system can automatically and accurately fill gallons of water to the desired volume, stop the flow when the gallon is full, minimize human error, and allow users to monitor the filling process remotely. Thus, this system provides a more efficient, modern, and transparent gallon water filling solution for drinking water depot businesses