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All Journal Berajah Journal
Sendi Sanjaya
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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HAK MILIK ATAS ASET DIGITAL DI ERA BLOCKCHAIN: TANTANGAN HUKUM PERDATA TERHADAP NFT, TOKENISASI TANAH VIRTUAL, DAN PERLINDUNGAN PEMILIK DI METAVERSE Sendi Sanjaya
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i1.181

Abstract

The development of blockchain technology has given rise to new digital assets such as NFTs and the tokenisation of virtual land in the metaverse, challenging the concept of property rights under Indonesian civil law. This literature review analyses the issues surrounding the recognition of digital assets as “property” under Article 499 of the Civil Code, the duality between token property rights and content copyright, and the challenges of cross-border jurisdiction in law enforcement. Through a normative-legal approach, it was found that a synthesis of the Civil Code, the ITE Law, and the PDP Law can provide basic protection, but requires specific regulations to recognise ‘virtual objects’ as a new legal category. Key recommendations include the enactment of a digital assets law and blockchain-based ADR mechanisms to ensure legal certainty for owners within the metaverse ecosystem.
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